Creditor and Debtor Chapter 22

סֵדֶר גְּבִיַּת הַחוֹב כָּךְ הוּא. כְּשֶׁיָּבִיא הַמַּלְוֶה שְׁטָרוֹ לְבֵית דִּין וְיִתְקַיֵּם אוֹמְרִים לַלּוֶֹה שַׁלֵּם. וְאֵין יוֹרְדִין לִנְכָסָיו תְּחִלָּה עַד שֶׁיִּתְבָּעֶנּוּ. וְאִם טָעָה הַדַּיָּן וְהוֹרִיד הַמַּלְוֶה לְנִכְסֵי לוֶֹה קֹדֶם שֶׁיִּתְבָּעֶנּוּ מְסַלְּקִין אוֹתוֹ. אָמַר הַלּוֶֹה הֲרֵינִי מְשַׁלֵּם קִבְעוּ לִי זְמַן כְּדֵי שֶׁאֶלְוֶה מֵאַחֵר אוֹ אֲמַשְׁכֵּן אוֹ אֶמְכֹּר וְאָבִיא הַמָּעוֹת קוֹבְעִין לוֹ זְמַן שְׁלֹשִׁים יוֹם וְאֵין מְחַיְּבִין אוֹתוֹ לִתֵּן מַשְׁכּוֹן שֶׁאִלּוּ הָיוּ שָׁם מִטַּלְטְלִים מִיָּד הָיוּ בֵּית דִּין גּוֹבִין מֵהֶן. וְאִם רָצָה הַמַּלְוֶה לְהַחֲרִים עַל מִי שֶׁיֵּשׁ לוֹ מָעוֹת אוֹ מִטַּלְטְלִין וּמַפְלִיג אוֹתוֹ בִּדְבָרִים הֲרֵי זֶה מַחֲרִים. וְאֵין מְחַיְּבִין הַלּוֶֹה לְהָבִיא עָרֵב עַד שֶׁיִּתֵּן. שָׁלְמוּ הַשְּׁלֹשִׁים וְלֹא הֵבִיא בֵּית דִּין כּוֹתְבִין אַדְרַכְתָּא. וְכֵן אִם אָמַר בַּתְּחִלָּה כְּשֶׁתְּבָעוֹ אֵינִי מְשַׁלֵּם כּוֹתְבִין אַדְרַכְתָּא עַל נְכָסָיו מִיָּד וְאֵין קוֹבְעִין לוֹ זְמַן. וְכֵן אִם אֵין שָׁם אֶלָּא מִלְוֶה עַל פֶּה אוֹ שֶׁהוֹדָה כּוֹתְבִין אַדְרַכְתָּא עַל נִכְסֵי בְּנֵי חוֹרִין שֶׁיֵּשׁ לוֹ:

This is the order in which debts are collected: When the creditor brings his promissory note to the court and the authenticity of the witnesses' signatures are verified, we tell the borrower: "Pay." We do not attach his property until the creditor demands this. If a judge errs and gives the creditor access to the borrower's property before he demands it, we remove the creditor from it. If the borrower responds: "I will pay. Establish a date for me, so that I will have time to borrow money from another person, offer my land as collateral, sell property and bring the money," we grant him 30 days. We do not require that he bring security to the court. For if he possessed movable property, the court would expropriate it immediately. If the creditor desires, he may have a conditional ban of ostracism issued against anyone who possesses money or movable property and uses arguments to avoid payment. We do not require the borrower to bring a guarantor until he pays. If the borrower has not brought payment when these 30 days are concluded, the court composes an adrachta. Similarly, if at the outset, when the lender demanded payment of him, he said: "I will not pay," we compose an adrachta against his property immediately and do not grant him any time. Similarly, if what is involved is a loan supported by a verbal commitment alone and the borrower admits his obligation, we compose an adrachta against the property that is presently in his possession.

טָעַן וְאָמַר שְׁטָר זֶה שֶׁנִּתְקַיֵּם בִּפְנֵיהֶם מְזֻיָּף הוּא אֲנִי אָבִיא רְאָיָה וַאֲבַטְּלֶנּוּ וְעֵדַי בְּמָקוֹם פְּלוֹנִי וְהֵם פְּלוֹנִי וּפְלוֹנִי. אִם נִרְאֶה לַדַּיָּנִין שֶׁיֵּשׁ מַמָּשׁ בִּדְבָרָיו קוֹבְעִין לוֹ זְמַן לְהָבִיא עֵדָיו וְאִם נִרְאֶה לָהֶם שֶׁאֵינוֹ בָּא אֶלָּא בַּעֲלִילוֹת דְּבָרִים וּבִטְעָנוֹת שֶׁל דֹּפִי אוֹמְרִים לוֹ שַׁלֵּם וְאַחַר כָּךְ אִם יֵשׁ לוֹ רְאָיָה יַחְזֹר. וְאִם הָיָה הַמַּלְוֶה אַלָּם וְשֶׁמָּא אֵינוֹ יָכוֹל לְהוֹצִיאוֹ מִיָּדוֹ מַנִּיחִין עַל יְדֵי שָׁלִישׁ:

The following rules apply when the borrower claims: "The promissory note concerning which the signatures of the witnesses was validated is a forgery. I will bring proof and nullify the matter The witnesses are located in this and this place and their names are so-and-so and so-and-so." If it appears to the judges that there is substance to his words, a time is established in which he must bring his witnesses to court. If it appears to them that he is merely raising deceptive arguments and fallacious claims, they should tell him: "Pay." Afterwards, if he brings proof of his claim, the money should be returned to him. If the creditor is a man of force and it is possible that the money will not be able to be recovered from him, it should be entrusted to a third party.

קָבְעוּ לוֹ זְמַן לְהָבִיא רְאָיָה וּלְבַטֵּל הַשְּׁטָר וְהִגִּיעַ הַזְּמַן וְלֹא בָּא מַמְתִּינִין לוֹ שֵׁנִי וַחֲמִישִׁי וְשֵׁנִי. לֹא בָּא כּוֹתְבִין עָלָיו פְּתִיחָא וּמְשַׁמְּתִין אוֹתוֹ וּמַמְתִּינִין לוֹ וְהוּא בְּנִדּוּיוֹ תִּשְׁעִים יוֹם. שְׁלֹשִׁים רִאשׁוֹנִים שֶׁמָּא טוֹרֵחַ לִלְווֹת. אֶמְצָעִים שֶׁמָּא הוּא טוֹרֵחַ לִמְכֹּר. אַחֲרוֹנִים שֶׁמָּא הַלּוֹקֵחַ מִמֶּנּוּ טוֹרֵחַ לְהָבִיא מָעוֹת. שָׁלְמוּ תִּשְׁעִים יוֹם וְלֹא בָּא בֵּית דִּין כּוֹתְבִין לוֹ אַדְרַכְתָּא עַל נְכָסָיו וּמַתִּירִין לוֹ נִדּוּיוֹ:

When a time was established for the borrower to bring proof and nullify the promissory note, that time came and he did not come to court, we wait for three court sessions Monday, Thursday and Monday. If he does not come, we compose a peticha against him and place him under a ban of ostracism. We give him a further respite of 90 days while he is under the ban of ostracism. The first 30, for perhaps he is seeking a loan, the middle 30, for perhaps he is seeking to sell property, and the final 30, for perhaps the person who purchased his property is seeking to bring him the money. When these 90 days are completed and the borrower still does not appear in court, the court composes an adrachta against his property and releases him from the ban of ostracism.

אֵין כּוֹתְבִין אַדְרַכְתָּא עַד שֶׁשּׁוֹלְחִין וּמוֹדִיעִין לוֹ. וְהוּא שֶׁיִּהְיֶה קָרוֹב בְּבֵית דִּין מַהֲלַךְ שְׁנֵי יָמִים אוֹ פָּחוֹת. יֶתֶר עַל זֶה אֵין צְרִיכִין לְהוֹדִיעוֹ. בַּמֶּה דְּבָרִים אֲמוּרִים כְּשֶׁהָיָה כָּל הַתִּשְׁעִים יוֹם נִשְׁמָט וְאוֹמֵר עַתָּה אָבִיא רְאָיָה וַאֲבַטֵּל הַשְּׁטָר. אֲבָל אָמַר אֵינִי בָּא לְבֵית דִּין מִיָּד כּוֹתְבִין אַדְרַכְתָּא עַל נְכָסָיו בֵּין עַל הַקַּרְקָעוֹת בֵּין עַל הַמִּטַּלְטְלִין. וְכֵן אִם הָיָה הַשְּׁטָר עַל הַפִּקָּדוֹן אֵין מַמְתִּינִין לוֹ תִּשְׁעִים יוֹם אֶלָּא כּוֹתְבִין אַדְרַכְתָּא עַל נְכָסָיו מִיָּד:

If the borrower lives within a two-day journey or less from the court, we do not compose an adrachta until we send messengers and inform him of this impending step. If he lives further away, it is not necessary to inform him. When does the above apply? When throughout the entire 90 days he would procrastinate and say: "Just now, I will bring proof that nullifies the promissory note." If, however, he says: "I refuse to appear in court," we compose an adrachta against both his movable and his landed property immediately. Similarly, if a person is being sued on the basis of a legal document recording an object entrusted to him for safekeeping, we do not wait 90 days and instead, we compose an adrachta against his property immediately.

זֶה שֶׁאָמַרְנוּ שֶׁאִם לֹא בָּא בְּסוֹף הַתִּשְׁעִים כּוֹתְבִין אַדְרַכְתָּא עַל הַקַּרְקָעוֹת. אֲבָל עַל הַמִּטַּלְטְלִין אֲפִלּוּ אַחַר תִּשְׁעִים יוֹם כָּל זְמַן שֶׁהוּא אוֹמֵר עַתָּה אָבִיא רְאָיָה וַאֲבַטֵּל הַשְּׁטָר אֵין מוֹרִידִין הַמַּלְוֶה לַמִּטַּלְטְלִין שֶׁמָּא יֹאכַל אוֹתָם וְיָבִיא זֶה רְאָיָה וִיבַטֵּל הַשְּׁטָר וְלֹא יִמְצָא מַה יִּטּל. וַאֲפִלּוּ הָיָה לַמַּלְוֶה קַרְקַע שֶׁמָּא תַּכְסִיף אוֹ תִּשְׁתַּדֵּף:

The statements made above - that if the borrower does not come at the conclusion of the 90-day period we compose an adrachta - applies only with regard to landed property. With regard to movable property, by contrast, different rules apply. Even after 90 days, as long as the borrower says: "I will bring a proof and nullify the promissory note," we do not allow the lender to expropriate movable property. The rationale is that the alleged lender might consume it and afterwards, the borrower will bring the proof that nullifies the promissory note, and then he will not find property belonging to the alleged lender that he can collect for repayment. This applies even if the lender possesses landed property, for perhaps that property will decrease in value or become dried out.

כֵּיצַד כּוֹתְבִין הָאַדְרַכְתָּא. אִם לִנְכָסִים בְּנֵי חוֹרִין הוֹרִידוּהוּ אוֹמְרִים אִישׁ פְּלוֹנִי נִתְחַיֵּב לִפְלוֹנִי בַּדִּין כָּךְ וְכָךְ וְלֹא נָתַן לוֹ מֵעַצְמוֹ וְכָתַבְנוּ לוֹ אַדְרַכְתָּא זוֹ עַל שָׂדֶה פְּלוֹנִית שֶׁלּוֹ. וְאַחַר כָּךְ שָׁמִין לוֹ שְׁלֹשָׁה מֵאוֹתָהּ שָׂדֶה כְּנֶגֶד חוֹבוֹ וּמַכְרִיזִין עָלֶיהָ כְּפִי מַה שֶּׁיִּרְאוּ עַד שֶׁיִּפְסְקוּ הַמּוֹסִיפִין. וּמוֹרִידִין אוֹתוֹ בְּחוֹבוֹ לַחֵלֶק שֶׁשָּׁמוּ אוֹתוֹ וְקוֹרְעִין שְׁטַר הַחוֹב אִם הָיָה שָׁם שְׁטָר. וְאִם לֹא הָיוּ לוֹ נְכָסִים בְּנֵי חוֹרִין כּוֹתְבִין הָאַדְרַכְתָּא כָּךְ אִישׁ פְּלוֹנִי נִתְחַיֵּב לִפְלוֹנִי כָּךְ בִּשְׁטָר חוֹב שֶׁיֵּשׁ בְּיָדוֹ וְלֹא נָתַן לוֹ חוֹבוֹ וְלֹא מָצָאנוּ לוֹ נְכָסִים בְּנֵי חוֹרִין. וּכְבָר קָרַעְנוּ לַשְּׁטָר שֶׁהָיָה לוֹ עָלָיו וְנָתַנְנוּ לִפְלוֹנִי רְשׁוּת לִדְרשׁ וְלַחְקֹר וְלִהְיוֹת יָדוֹ נְטוּיָה עַל כָּל הַנְּכָסִים שֶׁיִּמָצְאוּ לוֹ וְכָל קַרְקָעוֹת שֶׁמָּכַר מִזְּמַן פְּלוֹנִי וָהָלְאָה יֵשׁ לוֹ לְהִפָּרַע לִגְבּוֹת חוֹבוֹ מִן הַכּל:

How is the adrachta composed? If we are expropriating property that is in the borrower's possession, we write in that document: "So-and-so was obligated by a judgment to pay so-and-so this amount. He has not made this payment on his own volition. Hence, we have composed this adrachta against this and this field that he possesses." Afterwards, three experts evaluate a portion of that field equivalent in value to the debt that he owes, and its prospective sale is announced according to the appraisal until those who add to the estimation make their bids. If there are no buyers, we transfer ownership of that portion of the field to the creditor because of his debt and rip up the promissory note, if such a document existed. If there was no landed property in the borrower's possession, we compose the adrachta which states: So-and-so undertook an obligation to so-and-so as recorded in the promissory note possessed by the creditor. The debtor has not paid this debt. We have not found property that is presently in the debtor's possession. We have already torn up the promissory note that the creditor possessed and have given him license to seek out and research whether there are any properties that the debtor sold from this and this date and onward, with the intent that his hand be raised over them. He has license to derive payment and expropriate his debt from all such properties.

וְאַחַר שֶׁכּוֹתְבִין אַדְרַכְתָּא זוֹ הוֹלֵךְ הַמַּלְוֶה וּמְחַפֵּשׂ. אִם מָצָא לוֹ נְכָסִים בְּנֵי חוֹרִין שָׁמִין לוֹ מֵהֶן. מָצָא לוֹ נְכָסִים מְשֻׁעְבָּדִין מֵאַחַר זְמַן שְׁטָרוֹ טוֹרֵף מֵהֶן וְקוֹרְעִין שְׁטַר הָאַדְרַכְתָּא וְכוֹתְבִין לוֹ שְׁטַר הַטִּירְפָא:

After this adrachta is composed, the lender goes and seeks property belonging or that once belonged to the borrower. If he finds property that is in his possession, they are evaluated for him. If he finds only property that has been sold after the date of his promissory note, he may expropriate it. We tear up the adrachta and write a tirpa.

כֵּיצַד כּוֹתְבִין. אִישׁ פְּלוֹנִי בֶּן פְּלוֹנִי זָכָה בַּדִּין לִטְרֹף בְּחוֹב שֶׁפְּלוֹנִי חַיָּב לוֹ שֶׁהוּא כָּךְ וְכָךְ מִשָּׂדֶה פְּלוֹנִית שֶׁלָּקַח פְּלוֹנִי בְּכָךְ וְכָךְ מִזְּמַן פְּלוֹנִי. וּכְבָר קָרַעְנוּ הָאַדְרַכְתָּא שֶׁהָיְתָה בְּיָדוֹ וְהִרְשִׁינוּהוּ לִטְרֹף מִזֶּה בְּכָךְ וְכָךְ:

How is the tirpa composed? We write: Because of the debt of this and this amount that so-and-so owes him, so-and-so won in court the right to expropriate this and this field that so-and-so purchased for this and this amount at this and this time. We have already torn up the adrachta that was in his possession, and we have given him license to expropriate this and this amount from this property.

וְאַחַר שֶׁכּוֹתְבִין הַטִּירְפָא לִטְרֹף מוֹרִידִין שְׁלֹשָׁה בְּקִיאִין לְאוֹתָהּ שָׂדֶה וְשָׁמִין לוֹ מִמֶּנָּה כְּשִׁעוּר חוֹבוֹ כְּפִי מַה שֶּׁרָאוּי לוֹ מִן הַקֶּרֶן וַחֲצִי הַשֶּׁבַח כְּמוֹ שֶׁבֵּאַרְנוּ. וּמַכְרִיזִין עָלֶיהָ שְׁלֹשִׁים יוֹם כְּדֶרֶךְ שֶׁמַּכְרִיזִין עַל נִכְסֵי יְתוֹמִים:

After the tirpa is written so that the lender may expropriate the property, we bring three experts to that field who evaluate that field and appraise how much of the field should be given to him for the principal and half of the field's increase in value, as explained. We then announce the property's sale for thirty days in the same manner as we announce the sale of property inherited by orphans.

וְאַחַר כָּךְ מַשְׁבִּיעִין אֶת הַלּוֶֹה שֶׁאֵין לוֹ כְּלוּם כְּתַקָּנַת הַגְּאוֹנִים אִם הָיָה הַלּוֶֹה עִמָּנוּ בַּמְּדִינָה. וּמַשְׁבִּיעִין אֶת הַטּוֹרֵף בִּנְקִיטַת חֵפֶץ שֶׁלֹּא נִפְרַע חוֹב זֶה וְלֹא מְחָלוֹ וְלֹא מְכָרוֹ לְאַחֵר. וְאַחַר כָּךְ מוֹרִידִין אוֹתוֹ לְנִכְסֵי הַלּוֹקֵחַ בְּשׁוּמָא שֶׁלּוֹ וְכוֹתְבִין הוֹרָדָה:

Afterwards, if the borrower is with us on the land, we require the borrower to take an oath that he is bankrupt, as ordained by our Sages. We also require the person expropriating the property to take an oath while holding a sacred object that he did not collect payment for this debt, that he did not waive payment of it, and that he did not sell it to another person. Afterwards, we give the lender possession of the purchaser's according to the assessment of the debt owed him, and we compose a horadah.

וְכֵיצַד כּוֹתְבִין. אַחַר שֶׁשַּׁמְנוּ לִפְלוֹנִי בְּשׁוּמָא שֶׁהָיְתָה בְּיָדוֹ וְהִכְרַזְנוּ שְׁלֹשִׁים יוֹם כָּרָאוּי וְהִשְׁבַּעְנוּ אֶת זֶה הַטּוֹרֵף וְאֶת בַּעַל חוֹב הוֹרַדְנוּהוּ לְשָׂדֶה פְּלוֹנִית לִהְיוֹת מִשְׁתַּמֵּשׁ בָּהּ כְּדֶרֶךְ שֶׁמִּשְׁתַּמֵּשׁ אָדָם בְּקִנְיָנוֹ:

How is this document composed? The judges write: After we had an evaluation of the property made for so-and-so, because of the debt he was owed, we announced the sale of the property as is fitting, and we required both the person expropriating the property and the debtor to take the appropriate oaths, we have given so-and-so possession of this and this field. He may use it as a person uses property that he has acquired.

וּמֵאֵימָתַי אוֹכֵל הַטּוֹרֵף פֵּרוֹת שָׂדֶה זוֹ מִשֶּׁיִּפְסְקוּ יְמֵי הַהַכְרָזָה:

From which time may the person who seeks to expropriate this property derive benefit from its produce? From the time the days of the announcement are completed.

כָּל אַדְרַכְתָּא שֶׁאֵין כָּתוּב בָּהּ קְרַעְנוּהוּ לִשְׁטַר הַהַלְוָאָה אֵינָהּ אַדְרַכְתָּא. וְכָל טִירְפָא שֶׁאֵין כָּתוּב בָּהּ קְרַעְנוּהָ לָאַדְרַכְתָּא אֵינָהּ טִירְפָא. וְכָל שׁוּמָא דְּלָא כָּתוּב בָּהּ קְרַעְנוּהָ לַטִּירְפָא אֵינָהּ שׁוּמָא:

Whenever an adrachta does not state: "We have torn up the promissory note," it is not an acceptable adrachta. Whenever a tirpa does not state: "We have torn up the adrachta" it is not an acceptable tirpa. Whenever a shuma does not state: "We have torn up the tirpa," it is not an acceptable shuma.

שְׁלֹשָׁה שֶׁיָּרְדוּ לָשׁוּם. אֶחָד אוֹמֵר בְּמָנֶה וּשְׁנַיִם אוֹמְרִים בְּמָאתַיִם אוֹ אֶחָד אוֹמֵר בְּמָאתַיִם וּשְׁנַיִם אוֹמְרִים בְּמָנֶה. בָּטֵל יָחִיד בְּמִעוּטוֹ. אֶחָד אוֹמֵר בְּמָנֶה וְאֶחָד אוֹמֵר בִּשְׁמוֹנִים וְאֶחָד אוֹמֵר בְּמֵאָה וְעֶשְׂרִים נִדּוֹן בְּמֵאָה. אֶחָד אוֹמֵר בְּמֵאָה וְאֶחָד אוֹמֵר תִּשְׁעִים וְאֶחָד אוֹמֵר מֵאָה וּשְׁלֹשִׁים נִדּוֹן בְּמֵאָה וַעֲשָׂרָה. וְעַל דֶּרֶךְ זוֹ שָׁמִין בֵּינֵיהֶן:

When three experts descend to evaluate a property, one evaluates it as worth a maneh and two evaluate it at 200 zuz, or one evaluates it at 200 zuz and the other two evaluate it as worth a maneh, the assessor who offers the lone opinion is considered insignificant. If one assessor evaluates it as worth a maneh, another at 80 zuz, and the third at 120, it is considered to be worth 100. If one says 100, the second 90, and the third 130, it is considered worth 110. This is our pattern of evaluation.

בֵּית דִּין שֶׁשָּׁמוּ לַטּוֹרֵף בְּנִכְסֵי לוֹקֵחַ וְטָעוּ בְּכָל שֶׁהוּא מִכְרָן בָּטֵל שֶׁהֲרֵי הֵן כְּשָׁלִיחַ לַטּוֹרֵף וְלַלּוֹקֵחַ וְיֵשׁ לָהֶן רְשׁוּת לְתַקֵּן אֲבָל לֹא לְעַוֵּת כְּשָׁלִיחַ. וְכָל הַמּוֹרִים כָּזֶה הוֹרוּ:

When the court evaluated property belonging to a purchaser on behalf of a person who sought to expropriate it and erred - even if the error was concerning the smallest amount - the sale if nullified. The rationale is that since the court is considered to be an agent of the person expropriating the property and the purchaser, they have permission to expedite the matter, but not to impair anyone's position as is the law applying to an agent. All of the Halachic authorities ruled in that manner.

בֵּית דִּין שֶׁשָּׁמוּ לְבַעַל חוֹב בֵּין בְּנִכְסֵי לוֶֹה בֵּין בִּמְשֻׁעְבָּדִין שֶׁבְּיַד הַלּוֹקֵחַ וּלְאַחַר זְמַן הִשִּׂיגָה יָדוֹ שֶׁל לוֶֹה אוֹ שֶׁל נִטְרָף אוֹ שֶׁל יוֹרְשֵׁיהֶן וְהֵבִיאוּ לְבַעַל חוֹב אֶת מְעוֹתָיו מְסַלְּקִין אוֹתוֹ מֵאוֹתָהּ קַרְקַע. שֶׁהַשּׁוּמָא חוֹזֶרֶת לַבְּעָלִים לְעוֹלָם. מִשּׁוּם שֶׁנֶּאֱמַר (דברים ו יח) "וְעָשִׂיתָ הַיָּשָׁר וְהַטּוֹב":

When the court evaluates and expropriates a property for a creditor -whether from property in the creditor's possession or property that was in the possession of a purchaser - and afterwards, the borrower, the person from whom the property was expropriated, or their heirs, acquires financial resources and pays the creditor his money, the creditor is removed from that landed property. For property that was evaluated and expropriated should always be returned to its owners, as mandated by Deuteronomy 6:18: "And you shall do what is just and good."

קַרְקַע שֶׁשָּׁמוּ אוֹתָהּ לְבַעַל חוֹב וְאַחַר כָּךְ שָׁמוּהָ בֵּית דִּין לְבַעַל חוֹב שֶׁל זֶה הַמַּלְוֶה הֲרֵי זוֹ חוֹזֶרֶת. לֹא יְהֵא כֹּחוֹ גָּדוֹל מִכֹּחַ בַּעַל חוֹב הָרִאשׁוֹן. מְכָרָהּ בַּעַל חוֹב אוֹ נְתָנָהּ בְּמַתָּנָה אוֹ שֶׁשָּׁמָהּ לְבַעַל חוֹב מִדַּעְתּוֹ אוֹ שֶׁמֵּת וְהוֹרִישָׁהּ אֵינָהּ חוֹזֶרֶת. שָׁמוּ קַרְקַע לְאִשָּׁה וְנִשֵּׂאת אוֹ שֶׁשָּׁמוּ מִמֶּנָּה וְנִשֵּׂאת בַּעַל בְּנִכְסֵי אִשְׁתּוֹ כְּלוֹקֵחַ הוּא וְלֹא מַחְזִיר וְלֹא מַחֲזִירִין לוֹ:

When the court evaluates and expropriates a property for a creditor and then evaluates and expropriates a property for a creditor of that creditor, the original owner can redeem it. The legal power of the second creditor is no greater than that of the first. When a creditor sold the property expropriated for him, gave it away as a present, gave it to his creditor voluntarily, or he died and the property was inherited, the original owner does not have the right to redeem it. If landed property was evaluated and expropriated for a woman and then she married, or property she owned was evaluated and expropriated from her and she married, her husband is considered to be a purchaser with regard to her property. He is not required to return it, nor must it be returned to him.