Rest on the Tenth of Tishrei Chapter 3

אָסוּר לִרְחֹץ בְּיוֹם הַכִּפּוּרִים בֵּין בְּחַמִּין בֵּין בְּצוֹנֵן. בֵּין כָּל גּוּפוֹ בֵּין אֵיבָר אֶחָד אֲפִלּוּ אֶצְבַּע קְטַנָּה אָסוּר לְהוֹשִׁיטָהּ בַּמַּיִם. וְהַמֶּלֶךְ וְהַכַּלָּה רוֹחֲצִין אֶת פְּנֵיהֶן. כַּלָּה כְּדֵי שֶׁלֹּא תִּתְגַּנֶּה עַל בַּעְלָהּ. וְהַמֶּלֶךְ כְּדֵי שֶׁיֵּרָאֶה בְּיָפְיוֹ שֶׁנֶּאֱמַר (ישעיה לג יז) "מֶלֶךְ בְּיָפְיוֹ תֶּחֱזֶינָה עֵינֶיךָ". וְעַד כַּמָּה נִקְרֵאת כַּלָּה עַד שְׁלֹשִׁים יוֹם:

It is forbidden to wash oneself on the Day of Atonement whether with hot water or with cold water, whether his whole body or a single limb. It is forbidden to put even one's pinky finger into water. However, the king and a bride wash their faces--the bride so she will not be disgraceful to her husband and the king so [people] will see his beauty, as it says, "your eyes shall see the king in his beauty." For how long [after her wedding] is she called a bride? Thirty days.

מִי שֶׁהָיָה מְלֻכְלָךְ בְּצוֹאָה אוֹ טִיט רוֹחֵץ מְקוֹם הַטִּנֹּפֶת כְּדַרְכּוֹ וְאֵינוֹ חוֹשֵׁשׁ. וּמְדִיחָה אִשָּׁה יָדָהּ אַחַת בְּמַיִם וְנוֹתֶנֶת פַּת לְתִינוֹק. וְהַחוֹלֶה רוֹחֵץ כְּדַרְכּוֹ אַף עַל פִּי שֶׁאֵינוֹ מְסֻכָּן. וְכָל חַיָּבֵי טְבִילוֹת טוֹבְלִין כְּדַרְכָּן בֵּין בְּתִשְׁעָה בְּאָב בֵּין בְּיוֹם הַכִּפּוּרִים:

One who was dirty with excrement or mud may wash the dirty place in his usual way without worrying [about violating the prohibition]. A woman can heat up one of her hands in water and give bread to a baby. An ill person may wash in his usual way even if he is not in danger [of his life]. All those who are obligated to immerse [in a ritual bath] immerse in their usual way, whether on the Ninth of Av or the Day of Atonement.

מִי שֶׁרָאָה קֶרִי בַּזְּמַן הַזֶּה בְּיוֹם הַכִּפּוּרִים. אִם לַח הוּא מְקַנֵּחַ בְּמַפָּה וְדַיּוֹ. וְאִם יָבֵשׁ הוּא אוֹ שֶׁנִּתְלַכְלֵךְ רוֹחֵץ מְקוֹמוֹת הַמְלֻכְלָכִין בִּלְבַד וּמִתְפַּלֵּל. וְאָסוּר לוֹ לִרְחֹץ כָּל גּוּפוֹ אוֹ לִטְבּל. שֶׁאֵין הַטּוֹבֵל בַּזְּמַן הַזֶּה טָהוֹר מִפְּנֵי טֻמְאַת מֵת וְאֵין הָרְחִיצָה מִקֶּרִי לִתְפִלָּה בַּזְּמַן הַזֶּה אֶלָּא מִנְהָג וְאֵין מִנְהָג לְבַטֵּל דָּבָר הָאָסוּר אֶלָּא לֶאֱסֹר אֶת הַמֻּתָּר. וְלֹא אָמְרוּ שֶׁהָרוֹאֶה קֶרִי בְּיוֹם הַכִּפּוּרִים טוֹבֵל אֶלָּא כְּשֶׁתִּקְּנוּ טְבִילָה לְבַעֲלֵי קְרָיִין וּכְבָר בֵּאַרְנוּ שֶׁבָּטְלָה תַּקָּנָה זוֹ:

One who has a seminal emission on the Day of Atonement nowadays: If it is moist, he wipes it with a napkin, and that is enough. If it is dry or [he] became dirty [with it], he washes the dirty places alone and [then] he may pray. It is forbidden for him to wash his whole body or immerse. For one who immerses nowadays is not pure--due to impurity from exposure to dead people [which everyone is assumed to have]--and washing [i.e. immersing] for a seminal emission nowadays is only a custom. And a custom cannot permit something that is forbidden, rather it can only forbid something that is permissible. They [the rabbis] said that one who has a seminal emission on the Day of Atonement immerses only when there was a rule that those who had seminal emissions must immerse [the rule was made at the time of Ezra], and we already explained that this rule was cancelled.

טִיט שֶׁהוּא לַח בְּיוֹתֵר כְּדֵי שֶׁיַּנִּיחַ אָדָם יָדוֹ עָלָיו וְתַעֲלֶה בָּהּ לַחְלוּחִית שֶׁאִם הִדְבִּיק אוֹתָהּ לְיָדוֹ הָאַחֶרֶת תִּדְבַּק בָּהּ לַחְלוּחִית אָסוּר לֵישֵׁב עָלָיו. לֹא יְמַלֵּא אָדָם כְּלִי חֶרֶשׂ מַיִם וְיִצְטַנֵּן בּוֹ שֶׁהַמַּיִם נִזְחָלִים מִדְּפָנָיו. אֲפִלּוּ כְּלֵי מַתָּכוֹת אָסוּר שֶׁמָּא יִנָּתְזוּ מַיִם עַל בְּשָׂרוֹ. וּמֻתָּר לְהִצְטַנֵּן בְּפֵרוֹת:

It is forbidden to sit on mud that is so wet that a person can put one hand on it and pick up enough moisture to wet his other hand. A person may not fill up an earthenware utensil with water with which to cool off because the water flows [lit. crawls] from its walls. It is forbidden even with metal utensils for fear of water sprinkling on his flesh. It is permissible to cool oneself with fruits.

לוֹקֵחַ אָדָם מִטְפַּחַת מֵעֶרֶב יוֹם הַכִּפּוּרִים וְשׁוֹרֶה אוֹתָהּ בְּמַיִם וּמְנַגְּבָהּ מְעַט וּמַנִּיחָהּ תַּחַת הַבְּגָדִים וּלְמָחָר מַעֲבִירָהּ עַל פָּנָיו וְאֵינוֹ חוֹשֵׁשׁ וְאַף עַל פִּי שֶׁיֵּשׁ בָּהּ קֹר הַרְבֵּה:

A person may take a handkerchief on the eve of the Day of Atonement, soak it in water, squeeze it out a little, and put it under clothes. The next day, he may pass it over his face and not worry [about violating the prohibition] although it is very cold.

הַהוֹלֵךְ לְהַקְבִּיל פְּנֵי רַבּוֹ אוֹ פְּנֵי אָבִיו אוֹ מִי שֶׁהוּא גָּדוֹל מִמֶּנּוּ בְּחָכְמָה אוֹ לִקְרוֹת בְּבֵית הַמִּדְרָשׁ עוֹבֵר בַּמַּיִם עַד צַוָּארוֹ וְאֵינוֹ חוֹשֵׁשׁ וְעוֹשֶׂה מִצְוָה שֶׁהָלַךְ לַעֲשׂוֹתָהּ וְחוֹזֵר בַּמַּיִם לִמְקוֹמוֹ. שֶׁאִם לֹא תַּתִּיר לוֹ לַחֲזֹר אֵינוֹ הוֹלֵךְ וְנִמְצָא נִכְשָׁל מִן הַמִּצְוָה. וְכֵן הַהוֹלֵךְ לִשְׁמֹר פֵּרוֹתָיו עוֹבֵר בַּמַּיִם עַד צַוָּארוֹ וְאֵינוֹ חוֹשֵׁשׁ וּבִלְבַד שֶׁלֹּא יוֹצִיאוּ יְדֵיהֶם מִתַּחַת שׁוּלֵי מְעִילֵיהֶם כְּדֶרֶךְ שֶׁעוֹשִׂין בְּחל:

One who goes to greet his teacher, father, or one who is wiser than he or to learn in the house of study may cross through water up to his neck and not worry [about violating the prohibition] and perform the mitzva that that he went to perform and return through the water to his place. For if you do not permit him to return, he will not go [in the first place] and will be prevented from doing the mitzva. So too one who is going to guard his fruit may cross through water up to his neck without worrying as long as they do not take their hands out from under the edges of their garments as they would do during the week [for then it looks as though they are carrying their garments which is forbidden on the Day of Atonement].

אָסוּר לִנְעל מִנְעָל וְסַנְדָּל אֲפִלּוּ בְּרַגְלוֹ אַחַת. וּמֻתָּר לָצֵאת בְּסַנְדָּל שֶׁל שַׁעַם וְשֶׁל גֶּמִי וְכַיּוֹצֵא בָּהֶן. וְכוֹרֵךְ אָדָם בֶּגֶד עַל רַגְלָיו וְיוֹצֵא בּוֹ שֶׁהֲרֵי קְשִׁי הָאָרֶץ מַגִּיעַ לְרַגְלָיו וּמַרְגִּישׁ שֶׁהוּא יָחֵף. הַתִּינוֹקוֹת אַף עַל פִּי שֶׁהֵן מֻתָּרִין בַּאֲכִילָה וּבִשְׁתִיָּה וּרְחִיצָה וְסִיכָה מוֹנְעִין אוֹתָן מִמִּנְעָל וְסַנְדָּל:

It is forbidden to wear shoes and sandals even on one foot. It is permitted to go out with a sandal of cork, rubber, or other similar materials. One may wrap a cloth around his feet and go out with it for the hardness of the earth reaches his feet and he feels as though he is barefoot. Children although they are allowed to eat, drink, wash, and anoint themselves, we prevent them from [wearing] shoes and sandals.

מֻתָּר לְכָל אָדָם לִנְעל אֶת הַסַּנְדָּל מֵחֲמַת עַקְרָב וְכַיּוֹצֵא בָּהּ כְּדֵי שֶׁלֹּא תִּשָּׁכֶנּוּ. וְהַחַיָּה מֻתֶּרֶת לִנְעל אֶת הַסַּנְדָּל מִשּׁוּם צִנָּה כָּל שְׁלֹשִׁים יוֹם. וְהַחוֹלֶה כַּיּוֹצֵא בָּהּ אַף עַל פִּי שֶׁאֵין שָׁם סַכָּנָה:

It is permitted for any person to wear a sandal because of a scorpion or similar [creature] so it will not bite him. A woman who gave birth is permitted to wear a sandal due to cold for thirty days after the birth. An ill person acts in the same way even if he is not in danger.

אָסוּר לָסוּךְ מִקְצָת גּוּפוֹ כְּכָל גּוּפוֹ בֵּין סִיכָה שֶׁל תַּעֲנוּג בֵּין סִיכָה שֶׁאֵינָהּ שֶׁל תַּעֲנוּג. וְאִם הָיָה חוֹלֶה אַף עַל פִּי שֶׁאֵין בּוֹ סַכָּנָה אוֹ שֶׁיֵּשׁ לוֹ חֲטָטִין בְּרֹאשׁוֹ סָךְ כְּדַרְכּוֹ וְאֵינוֹ חוֹשֵׁשׁ:

It is [as] forbidden to anoint part of one's body as [it is to anoint] his whole body whether an anointing of pleasure or otherwise. If he was an ill [person] even not in danger or one who has scabs on head, he may anoint as usual with worrying [about violating the prohibition].

יֵשׁ מְקוֹמוֹת שֶׁנָּהֲגוּ לְהַדְלִיק אֶת הַנֵּר בְּלֵילֵי יוֹם הַכִּפּוּרִים כְּדֵי שֶׁיִּהְיֶה לוֹ בֹּשֶׁת פָּנִים מֵאִשְׁתּוֹ וְלֹא יָבוֹא לִידֵי תַּשְׁמִישׁ הַמִּטָּה. וְיֵשׁ מְקוֹמוֹת שֶׁנָּהֲגוּ שֶׁלֹּא לְהַדְלִיק שֶׁמָּא יִרְאֶה אִשְׁתּוֹ וְתִשָּׂא חֵן בְּעֵינָיו וְיָבוֹא לִידֵי תַּשְׁמִישׁ. וְאִם חָל יוֹם הַכִּפּוּרִים לִהְיוֹת בְּשַׁבָּת חַיָּבִין הַכּל לְהַדְלִיק בְּכָל מָקוֹם שֶׁהַדְלָקַת נֵר בְּשַׁבָּת חוֹבָה: סָלִיק הִלְכוֹת שְׁבִיתַת עשׂוֹר

There are places which have the practice to light a candle on the eve of the Day of Atonement so one will be embarrassed from his wife and not come to have marital relations with her. There are [other] places which have the practice not to light [a candle] lest one see his wife and she will find favor in his eyes and he will come to have relations with her. If the Day of Atonement falls on the Sabbath, everyone must light in all places because the lighting of candles for the Sabbath is a requirement.