Vessels Chapter 6

כָּל כְּלִי שֶׁנִּטְמָא וְנִשְׁבַּר אַחַר שֶׁנִּטְמָא וְנִפְסְדָה צוּרָתוֹ וְתַשְׁמִישׁוֹ טָהוֹר בִּשְׁבִירָתוֹ. וְכֵן כֵּלִים שֶׁנִּשְׁבְּרוּ כְּשֶׁהֵן טְהוֹרִין שִׁבְרֵיהֶן אֵינָן מְקַבְּלִין טֻמְאָה:

Whenever a k'li contracted impurity and, after it contracted impurity, it was broken to the point that its form was ruined and it could no longer serve the purpose for which it was made, it regains purity by being broken. Similarly, when keilim that were pure are broken, their broken pieces are not susceptible to ritual impurity.

כַּמָּה שִׁעוּר הַשֶּׁבֶר שֶׁיִּשָּׁבֵר בִּכְלִי עֵץ אוֹ כְּלִי עֶצֶם וְיִהְיֶה טָהוֹר. כָּל כְּלֵי בַּעֲלֵי בָּתִּים שִׁעוּרָן בְּרִמּוֹנִים. כֵּיצַד. מִשֶּׁיִּנָּקֵב הַכְּלִי בְּמוֹצִיא רִמּוֹן טָהוֹר. וְהָרִמּוֹן שֶׁאָמְרוּ בֵּינוֹנִי לֹא גָּדוֹל וְלֹא קָטָן, לְפִי דַּעַת הָרוֹאֶה. וְיִהְיוּ בַּכְּלִי שְׁלֹשָׁה רִמּוֹנִים אֲחוּזִים זֶה בָּזֶה. נִקַּב הַכְּלִי בְּמוֹצִיא זַיִת וּסְתָמוֹ וְחָזַר וְנִקַּב בְּמוֹצִיא זַיִת וּסְתָמוֹ [עַד שֶׁהִשְׁלִימוֹ לְמוֹצִיא] רִמּוֹן אַף עַל פִּי שֶׁהוּא סָתוּם טָהוֹר שֶׁהֲרֵי נַעֲשׂוּ לוֹ פָּנִים חֲדָשׁוֹת:

To what extent must a wooden or bone k'li be broken before it regains ritual purity? All keilim belonging to ordinary, private persons are pure when they are broken to the extent that they cannot contain a pomegranate. What is implied? If a container was perforated to the extent that a pomegranate would fall through, it is pure. The pomegranate about which we are speaking is one of intermediate size, one that an onlooker would neither consider large or small and we are speaking about an instance where there are three pomegranates in a container, one touching the other. If a k'li that had contracted impurity became perforated to the extent that an olive would fall from it, the owner patched it, it then was perforated again in a different place to the extent that an olive would fall from it, the owner patched it, and this pattern continued until the hole is large enough that a pomegranate would fall from it, even though it is patched entirely, it is pure, because it is a new entity.

כֵּלִים שֶׁעֲשָׂאָן מִתְּחִלָּה נְקוּבִין בְּמוֹצִיא רִמּוֹן כְּגוֹן הַסַּל וְהַפֻּחְלָץ שֶׁל גְמַלִּים וְהָאַפִּיפְיָרוֹת מְקַבְּלִין טֻמְאָה עַד שֶׁיִּקָּרַע רֻבָּן:

When keilim were originally made in a manner that pomegranates would fall from them, e.g., a basket and a rope-net carrier borne by camels and trellises, for vines are susceptible to ritual impurity unless their greater portion is torn.

אֲפִּיפְיָרוֹת שֶׁעָשָׂה לָהֶן קָנִים לְמַעְלָה וּלְמַטָּה לְחַזֵּק טְהוֹרוֹת. עָשָׂה לָהֶן גַּפַּיִם כָּל שֶׁהֵן אַף עַל פִּי שֶׁכֻּלָּהּ נְקוּבָה כְּמוֹצִיא רִמּוֹן מְקַבֶּלֶת טֻמְאָה:

Even though rods were attached to trellises above them and below them to reinforce them, the trellises are pure. If a frame of any size was made for them, even if the entire trellis has holes large enough for pomegranates to fall through, it is susceptible to ritual impurity.

כָּל הַכֵּלִים שֶׁאֵינָן יְכוֹלִין לְקַבֵּל רִמּוֹנִים כְּגוֹן הָרֹבַע וַחֲצִי רֹבַע וְהַקְּנוֹנִים הַקְּטַנִּים שִׁעוּרָן בְּמוֹצִיא זַיִת. נִגְמְמוּ שִׂפְתוֹתֵיהֶן אִם נִשְׁאַר בָּהֶן כְּדֵי לְקַבֵּל כָּל שֶׁהוּא טְמֵאִין:

The size of a hole that renders as pure all vessels that cannot contain pomegranates, e.g., a container of a fourth of a kab, half a fourth of a kab, and wicker servers, is one sufficient for olives to fall through. Although their borders have been ruined, if there remains enough of the vessel to contain even the slightest amount, it is impure.

הַסַּלִּין שֶׁל פַּת שִׁעוּרָן כְּכִכָּרוֹת שֶׁל פַּת:

Breadbaskets are rendered as pure if they possess a hole large enough for a loaf of bread to fall through.

קֻפַּת הַגַּנָּנִים מִשֶּׁתּוֹצִיא אֲגֻדּוֹת שֶׁל יָרָק טְהוֹרָה. וְשֶׁל בַּעֲלֵי בָּתִּים בְּמוֹצִיא תֶּבֶן. שֶׁל בַּלָּנִין בִּגְבָבָא:

Gardeners' bushels are rendered as pure if they possess a hole large enough for a bundle of vegetables to fall through. Bushels of homeowners are rendered as pure when they possess a hole large enough for a bundle of straw to fall through. Those used by bathhouse attendants are rendered as pure when they possess a hole large enough for stubble to fall through.

בֵּית קְעָרוֹת שֶׁאֵינוֹ מְקַבֵּל קְעָרוֹת הוֹאִיל וּמְקַבֵּל הַתַּמְחוּיִין הֲרֵי זֶה מְקַבֵּל טֻמְאָה. וְכֵן בֵּית הָרְעִי שֶׁאֵינוֹ מְקַבֵּל מַשְׁקִין הוֹאִיל וּמְקַבֵּל אֶת הָרְעִי הֲרֵי זֶה מְקַבֵּל טֻמְאָה:

A chest for bowls that cannot hold bowls is nevertheless susceptible to ritual impurity, because it can hold pots. Similarly, even if a chamber pot cannot contain liquids, since it can contain feces, it is susceptible to impurity.

כָּל כְּלִי עֵץ שֶׁנֶּחְלַק לִשְׁנַיִם טָהוֹר וְאַף עַל פִּי שֶׁמְּקַבְּלִין עַל דָּפְנוֹתֵיהֶן בְּאִלְפָּסִין. חוּץ מִכֵּלִים שֶׁל עֵץ שֶׁחֶצְיָן אוֹ מִקְצָתָן כְּלִי בִּפְנֵי עַצְמוֹ מִתְּחִלַּת עֲשִׂיָּתָן כְּגוֹן הַשֻּׁלְחָן הַכָּפוּל שֶׁמִּתְחִלָּה נַעֲשָׂה שְׁנֵי חֲלָקִים וַהֲרֵי הוּא נִכְפָּל וְנִפְשָׁט. וּכְגוֹן הַתַּמְחוּי הַמִּזְנוֹן שֶׁהוּא קְעָרוֹת קְעָרוֹת וַהֲרֵי בְּכָל חֵלֶק מֵחֲלָקָיו קְעָרוֹת שְׁלֵמוֹת. וּכְגוֹן הַכִּסֵּא הַכָּפוּל וְכָל כַּיּוֹצֵא בְּאֵלּוּ. וְכֵן בֵּית לָגִינִין וּבֵית הַכּוֹסוֹת שֶׁל עֵץ שֶׁנִּפְחַת אֶחָד מֵהֶן זֶה שֶׁנִּפְחַת טָהוֹר וְאֵינוֹ חִבּוּר לִשְׁאָר הַבָּתִּים. נִפְחַת הַשֵּׁנִי טָהוֹר וְאֵינוֹ חִבּוּר לוֹ. נִפְחֲתוּ שְׁלָשְׁתָּן כֻּלָּן טְהוֹרִין. וְכֵן כָּל כַּיּוֹצֵא בְּכֵלִים כָּאֵלּוּ:

Any wooden container that is divided in two is pure even though its walls could serve as a container, as a frying pan does, with the exception of wooden utensils that half or a portion of them is considered as an independent utensil from its fashioning at the outset. Examples of the latter include a double table that at the outset was made in two parts and it is folded over and extended, a pot with compartments for different types of food which includes many bowls, each of its compartments having complete bowls, a double bench, and the like. Similarly, when one of the holders in a wooden case for bottles or cups was ruined, the one that is ruined is pure and is not considered as joined to the other holders. If a second one is ruined, it is pure and is not considered as joined to the case. If all three are ruined, they are pure. Similar laws apply in situations involving comparable types of keilim.

מַשְׁפֶּלֶת שֶׁאֶמְצָעִיתָהּ גְּבוֹהָה וְזָוִיּוֹתֶיהָ יוֹרְדוֹת וְנִפְחֲתָה מִצַּד אֶחָד טְמֵאָה מִפְּנֵי שֶׁהִיא מְקַבֶּלֶת מִצַּד הַשֵּׁנִי. נִפְחֲתָה מִצַּד הַשֵּׁנִי טְהוֹרָה. הַשֻּׁלְחָן וְהַדֻּלְפְּקִי שֶׁנִּפְחֲתוּ מְקַבְּלִין טֻמְאָה עַד שֶׁיֵּחָלְקוּ וְיִבָּדֵל כָּל חֵלֶק מֵחֲבֵרוֹ. נִטְּלָה אַחַת מֵרַגְלֵיהֶן טְהוֹרָה. וְכֵן אִם נִטְּלָה הַשְּׁנִיָּה. נִטְּלָה הַשְּׁלִישִׁית אִם חִשֵּׁב עֲלֵיהֶם שֶׁיֹּאכַל עַל שֻׁלְחָן זֶה אוֹ עַל דֻּלְפְּקִי זוֹ כְּמוֹ אוֹכֵל בְּטַבְלָא מְקַבְּלִין טֻמְאָה וְאִם לָאו טְהוֹרִין:

When the center of a wicker crate used to spread fertilizer is upraised and its sides are lower, it is still susceptible to impurity if one side is ruined, because it can still contain fertilizer from the other side. If the other side is also ruined, it is pure. When part of a table or a counter for drinks is ruined, it is still susceptible to impurity until it was divided and separated into its component parts entirely. If one of its legs was removed, it is pure. This ruling also applies if the second was removed. If the third was also removed and one had the intent to eat on this table or counter like one eats on a serving board, it is susceptible to impurity. If not, it is pure.

כְּלֵי נְסָרִים שֶׁנָּפְלוּ שִׂפְתוֹתֵיהֶן טְהוֹרִין. וְאִם נִשְׁאַר מַחְסוֹם שִׂפְתוֹתֵיהֶן כָּל שֶׁהוּא מְקַבְּלִין טֻמְאָה:

Wicker utensils whose borders have fallen off are pure. If even the slightest bit of the seal around their border remains, they are susceptible to impurity.

טַבְלָא שֶׁמִּלְּאָהּ עֵצִים וּתְקָעָהּ טְהוֹרָה. חִפָּהּ בִּנְסָרִים מְקַבֶּלֶת טֻמְאָה:

When a serving board was filled with pieces of wood that were attached to it, it is pure. If it is covered with boards, it is susceptible to impurity.

סַפְסָל שֶׁנִּתְפָּרֵק טָהוֹר. סִרְגְּלוֹ בִּמְשִׁיחוֹת אוֹ בַּחֲבָלִים מְקַבֵּל טֻמְאָה:

When a bench falls apart, it is pure. If one tied it together with straps or ropes, it is susceptible to impurity.

הַסַּלִּים שֶׁל גְּמַלִּים הִתִּירָן טְהוֹרִין חָזַר וּקְשָׁרָן מְקַבְּלִין טֻמְאָה. נִמְצְאוּ מִתְטַמְּאִין וּמִתְטַהֲרִין אֲפִלּוּ עֶשֶׂר פְּעָמִים בְּיוֹם:

A camel's saddle-baskets that were released are pure. If the driver returned and tied them, they are susceptible to impurity. Thus they can become susceptible to impurity and then released from impurity even ten times a day.

הַשֻּׁלְחָן אוֹ הַדֻּלְפְּקִי שֶׁחִפָּן בְּשַׁיִשׁ וְשִׁיֵּר בָּהֶם מְקוֹם הַנָּחַת הַכּוֹסוֹת מְקַבְּלִין טֻמְאָה וְאִם חִפָּה הַכּל טָהוֹר. בֵּין בְּצִפּוּי עוֹמֵד בֵּין בְּצִפּוּי שֶׁאֵינוֹ עוֹמֵד בֵּין שֶׁחִפָּה אֶת לְבַזְבְּזָיו בֵּין שֶׁלֹּא חִפָּן בֵּין שֶׁהָיוּ שֶׁל עֵצִים חֲשׁוּבִים כְּגוֹן אֶשְׁכְּרוֹעַ וְכַיּוֹצֵא בּוֹ בֵּין שֶׁהָיוּ שֶׁל שְׁאָר עֵצִים הוֹאִיל וְחִפָּן כֻּלָּן טְהוֹרִין כְּמוֹ שֶׁבֵּאַרְנוּ:

When a table or a counter for drinks were covered with marble, but the place where cups are placed was left uncovered, it is susceptible to ritual impurity. If one covered the entire surface, it is pure. This ruling applies whether the coating is permanently affixed or not, whether it covers its frame or not, whether the table was made from valuable wood like boxwood or the like or from other wood, since it was covered, it is pure, as we explained.