Nazariteship Chapter 5

שְׁלֹשָׁה מִינִין אֲסוּרִין לְנָזִיר. הַטֻּמְאָה. וְהַתִּגְלַחַת. וְהַיּוֹצֵא מִן הַגֶּפֶן. בֵּין פְּרִי בֵּין פְּסלֶת פְּרִי. אֲבָל הַשֵּׁכָר שֶׁל תְּמָרִים אוֹ שֶׁל גְּרוֹגָרוֹת וְכַיּוֹצֵא בָּהֶן מֻתָּר לְנָזִיר. וְ (במדבר ו ג) "שֵׁכָר" זֶה שֶׁנֶּאֱסַר עָלָיו בַּתּוֹרָה הוּא הַשֵּׁכָר שֶׁל תַּעֲרֹבֶת הַיַּיִן:

There are three matters that are forbidden to a nazirite: a) ritual impurity [resulting from contact with a human corpse], b) shaving [his hair], and c) [partaking of] products of the vine. [This applies] both to the fruit or the waste products of the fruit. Alcoholic beverages made from dates, figs, or the like are permitted to a nazirite. The shaichar forbidden to [a nazirite] by the Torah is an alcoholic beverage made from a mixture of wine.

הַיּוֹצֵא מִן הַגֶּפֶן כֵּיצַד. נָזִיר שֶׁאָכַל כְּזַיִת מִן הַפְּרִי שֶׁהוּא עֲנָבִים לַחִים אוֹ יְבֵשִׁים אוֹ בֹּסֶר. אוֹ שֶׁאָכַל כְּזַיִת מִפְּסלֶת הַפְּרִי שֶׁהִיא הַזַּגִּין וְהֵם הַקְּלִפָּה הַחִיצוֹנָה. אוֹ הַחַרְצַנִּים וְהֵם הַזַּגִּין הַפְּנִימִין שֶׁזּוֹרְעִים אוֹתָן הֲרֵי זֶה לוֹקֶה. וְכֵן אִם שָׁתָה רְבִיעִית יַיִן אוֹ אָכַל כְּזַיִת מִיַּיִן קָרוּשׁ שֶׁהוּא הַפְּרִי אוֹ שָׁתָה רְבִיעִית חֹמֶץ שֶׁהוּא פְּסלֶת הַפְּרִי הֲרֵי זֶה לוֹקֶה. אֲבָל הֶעָלִין וְהַלּוּלָבִים וּמֵי גְּפָנִים וְהַסְּמָדַר הֲרֵי אֵלּוּ מֻתָּרִין לְנָזִיר שֶׁאֵינָן לֹא פְּרִי וְלֹא פְּסלֶת פְּרִי אֶלָּא מִן הָעֵץ הֵן נֶחְשָׁבִין:

What is meant by "products of the grape vine"? When a nazirite eats an olive-sized portion of the fruit [of the vine]: fresh grapes, raisins, or unripened grapes, or he eats an olive-sized portion of the waste products of the fruit which are the peels or the seeds, he is liable for lashes. Similarly, if he drank a revi'it of wine or ate an olive-sized portion of coagulated wine - this is considered as fruit - or drank a revi'it of vinegar - which is the waste products of the fruit - he is liable for lashes. Grape leaves, the tender shoots of the branches of the vine, grape sap, and grape buds are permitted to a nazirite, for they are neither fruit, nor the waste products of fruit, but rather are considered as parts of the tree.

כָּל אִסּוּרֵי גֶפֶן מִצְטָרְפִין זֶה עִם זֶה. כֵּיצַד. הֲרֵי שֶׁצֵּרֵף עֲנָבִים לַחִים עִם יְבֵשִׁים אוֹ עִם בֹּסֶר וְחַרְצָן וְזָג וְאָכַל מִן הַתַּעֲרֹבֶת כְּזַיִת לוֹקֶה. וְכֵן אִם אָכְלָם זֶה אַחַר זֶה עַד שֶׁאָכַל מִן הַכּל כְּזַיִת לוֹקֶה. וְכֵן אִם שָׁתָה רְבִיעִית תַּעֲרֹבֶת יַיִן וְחֹמֶץ לוֹקֶה:

All forbidden grape [products] can be combined together [to produce the minimum measure for which one is liable for lashes]. What is implied? One who mixed together fresh grapes with raisins, or with unripened grapes, pits, and peels, and ate an olive-sized portion of the mixture is liable for lashes. Similarly, if he ate them one after the other until he ate an olive-sized portion of the entire group, he is liable for lashes. Similarly, he is liable for lashes if he drank a revi'it of a mixture of wine and vinegar.

דָּבָר הַמֻּתָּר אֵינוֹ מִצְטָרֵף לְדָבָר הָאָסוּר בְּנָזִיר. כֵּיצַד. יַיִן שֶׁנִּתְעָרֵב בִּדְבַשׁ אַף עַל פִּי שֶׁטַּעַם הַכּל טַעַם יַיִן וְשָׁתָה מִן הַתַּעֲרֹבֶת. וְכֵן הַצִּמּוּקִין שֶׁדְּרָסָן עִם הַגְּרוֹגָרוֹת וְטַעַם הַכּל טַעַם צִמּוּקִין וְאָכַל מִן הַתַּעֲרֹבֶת אֵינוֹ לוֹקֶה. עַד שֶׁיִּהְיֶה מִדָּבָר הָאָסוּר בַּתַּעֲרֹבֶת כְּזַיִת בִּכְדֵי שָׁלֹשׁ בֵּיצִים וְאָכַל כְּשָׁלֹשׁ בֵּיצִים. כִּשְׁאָר הָאִסּוּרִין הַשָּׁוִים בְּכָל אָדָם כְּמוֹ שֶׁבֵּאַרְנוּ בְּהִלְכוֹת מַאֲכָלוֹת אֲסוּרוֹת:

A permitted substance is not included together with a forbidden substance [to produce the minimum measure] for which a nazirite [is liable for lashes]. What is implied? Wine was mixed together with honey [producing a mixture] in which the flavor of wine [could be tasted in] its entirety and [a nazirite] drank the mixture. Raisins were pressed together with dried figs [producing a mixture] in which the flavor of raisins [could be tasted in] its entirety and [a nazirite] ate the mixture. He is not liable for lashes unless there will be an olive-sized portion of grape products in a portion of the mixture the size of three eggs, and he will eat a portion the size of three eggs, as is the law with regard to other prohibitions that are forbidden universally, as we explained in Hilchot Ma'achalot Assurot.

וְכֵן אִם שָׁרָה פִּתּוֹ בְּיַיִן וְהָיָה הָרְבִיעִית יַיִן בִּכְדֵי פְּרָס מִן הַפַּת וְאָכַל כְּדֵי פְּרָס שֶׁנִּמְצָא שֶׁאָכַל רְבִיעִית יַיִן הֲרֵי זֶה לוֹקֶה. וְעַל זֶה וְכַיּוֹצֵא בּוֹ נֶאֱמַר בַּתּוֹרָה (במדבר ו ג) "וְכָל מִשְׁרַת עֲנָבִים". לֶאֱסֹר דָּבָר שֶׁנִּתְעָרֵב בּוֹ הַיַּיִן וְטַעְמוֹ כְּטַעַם הַיַּיִן וְהוּא שֶׁיִּהְיֶה טַעֲמוֹ וּמַמָּשׁוֹ כִּשְׁאָר אִסּוּרֵי מַאֲכָלוֹת:

Similarly, if a person soaked his bread in wine and there was a revi'it of wine within k'dei [achilat] p'ras of the bread and he ate a p'ras [of the bread], he will have consumed a revi'it of wine. [Hence,] he is worthy of lashes. Concerning this and similar situations, the Torah [Numbers 6:3] states: "Anything that has been steeped in grape [wine] shall you not partake." This forbids an entity in which wine has been mixed and its flavor is the flavor of wine. [This applies] provided it has both the flavor and substance [of the wine] as is the case with regard to other prohibited foods.

נִתְעָרֵב יַיִן וְכַיּוֹצֵא בּוֹ בִּדְבַשׁ וְאֵין שָׁם טַעַם יַיִן הֲרֵי זֶה מֻתָּר לְנָזִיר. לֹא יִהְיֶה זֶה חָמוּר מֵחֵלֶב וְדָם:

If wine or the like were mixed together with honey and the flavor of wine cannot be detected, it is permitted for a nazirite [to partake of the mixture]. [The nazirite prohibitions] should not be considered more severe than [those against] fat and blood.

הָיָה בּוֹ טַעַם יַיִן וְאֵין שָׁם רְבִיעִית בִּכְדֵי אֲכִילַת פְּרָס הֲרֵי זֶה אָסוּר מִדִּבְרֵי סוֹפְרִים כְּמוֹ שֶׁבֵּאַרְנוּ בְּהִלְכוֹת מַאֲכָלוֹת אֲסוּרוֹת. וּמַכִּין אוֹתוֹ אִם אָכַל מַכַּת מַרְדּוּת:

If the mixture had the flavor of wine, but there is not a revi'it of wine within k'dei [achilat] p'ras, [the mixture] is prohibited according to Rabbinic decree, as we explained in Hilchot Ma'achalot Assurot. If [a nazirite] partakes of it, he is given stripes for rebellious conduct.

נָזִיר שֶׁאָכַל כְּזַיִת עֲנָבִים וּכְזַיִת חַרְצָן וּכְזַיִת זָג וּכְזַיִת צִמּוּקִים וְשָׁתָה רְבִיעִית יַיִן וַאֲפִלּוּ סָחַט אֶשְׁכּוֹל וְשָׁתָה מִמֶּנּוּ רְבִיעִית הֲרֵי זֶה לוֹקֶה חָמֵשׁ מַלְקִיּוֹת. שֶׁכָּל אֶחָד מֵהֶן בְּלָאו אֶחָד הוּא. וְלוֹקֶה מַלְקוּת שִׁשִּׁית מִשּׁוּם (במדבר ל ג) "לֹא יַחֵל דְּבָרוֹ" שֶׁהוּא שָׁוֶה בְּכָל הַנְּדָרִים. וְכֵן אִם אָכַל כְּזַיִת זָג אוֹ כְּזַיִת עֲנָבִים לוֹקֶה שְׁתַּיִם אַחַת מִשּׁוּם זָג אוֹ מִשּׁוּם עֲנָבִים וְאַחַת מִשּׁוּם לֹא יַחֵל דְּבָרוֹ. וְהוּא הַדִּין לְנָזִיר שֶׁגִּלֵּחַ אוֹ נִטְמָא שֶׁהוּא לוֹקֶה שְׁתַּיִם. אַחַת עַל הָאִסּוּר הַמְיֻחָד בּוֹ וְאַחַת עַל הָאִסּוּר הַשָּׁוֶה בְּכָל הַנְּדָרִים שֶׁהוּא לֹא יַחֵל דְּבָרוֹ:

When a nazirite eats an olive-sized portion of grapes, an olive-sized portion of [grape] seeds, an olive-sized portion of [grape] peels, and an olive-sized portion of raisins, and drinks an olive-sized portion of wine - even if he squeezed a cluster of grapes and drank [their juice] - he receives five sets of lashes. For each [of the substances is forbidden] by a different prohibition. And he receives a sixth set of lashes for the violation of [the prohibition]: "He shall not desecrate his word" that applies to all vows. Similarly, if he ate an olive-sized portion of peels or an olive-sized portion of grapes, he receives two sets of lashes, one for the peels or one for the grapes, and he is given [an additional set of] lashes because of [the prohibition]: "He shall not desecrate his word." This law also applies to a nazirite who shaves [his hair] or becomes impure. He receives two sets of lashes: one because of the violation of the particular prohibition and one, because of the prohibition that applies to all vows: "He shall not desecrate his word."

נָזִיר שֶׁשָּׁתָה רְבִיעִית יַיִן וּרְבִיעִית חֹמֶץ אֵינוֹ לוֹקֶה אֶלָּא אַחַת שֶׁאֵינוֹ חַיָּב עַל הַיַּיִן בִּפְנֵי עַצְמוֹ וְעַל הַחֹמֶץ בִּפְנֵי עַצְמוֹ. שֶׁאֵין כָּתוּב יַיִן לֹא יִשְׁתֶּה וְחֹמֶץ לֹא יִשְׁתֶּה אֶלָּא כָּךְ חֹמֶץ יַיִן וְחֹמֶץ שֵׁכָר לֹא יִשְׁתֶּה כְּלוֹמַר לֹא יִשְׁתֶּה יַיִן וְלֹא דָּבָר שֶׁנִּתְעָרֵב בּוֹ הַיַּיִן וְהוּא הַשֵּׁכָר וַאֲפִלּוּ הֶחְמִיצוּ וְהוֹאִיל וְלֹא כָּפַל אֶלָּא הַחֹמֶץ שֶׁהוּא שֵׁם אֶחָד אֵינוֹ לוֹקֶה עַל זֶה בִּפְנֵי עַצְמוֹ וְעַל זֶה בִּפְנֵי עַצְמוֹ:

When a nazirite drank a revi'it of wine and a revi'it of vinegar, he receives only one set of lashes. He is not liable for the wine and for the vinegar independently. [The rationale is that] the Torah does not say: "Do not drink wine" and "Do not drink vinegar." Instead, [it states, Numbers 6:3]: "[He shall abstain from wine or alcoholic beverages.] He shall not drink vinegar of wine or vinegar of alcoholic beverages," i.e., he should not drink wine or a beverage into which wine was mixed - [that is the meaning of the term,] "alcoholic beverages" [in the verse] - even if they have become vinegar. Since [the Torah] repeated only the term vinegar which is one term, he does not receive lashes for them both independently.

נָזִיר שֶׁהָיָה שׁוֹתֶה בְּיַיִן כָּל הַיּוֹם כֻּלּוֹ אַף עַל פִּי שֶׁהוּא חַיָּב לַשָּׁמַיִם עַל כָּל רְבִיעִית וּרְבִיעִית אֵינוֹ לוֹקֶה אֶלָּא אַחַת מִשּׁוּם (במדבר ו ד) "יַיִן" וְאַחַת דְּ (במדבר ל ג) "לָא יַחֵל דְּבָרוֹ" כְּמוֹ שֶׁבֵּאַרְנוּ. וְאִם הִתְרוּ בּוֹ עַל כָּל רְבִיעִית וּרְבִיעִית וְאָמְרוּ לוֹ אַל תִּשְׁתֶּה אַל תִּשְׁתֶּה וְהוּא שׁוֹתֶה חַיָּב עַל כָּל אֶחָד וְאֶחָד. מִדִּבְרֵי סוֹפְרִים שֶׁאָסוּר לְנָזִיר לַעֲמֹד בְּמוֹשַׁב שׁוֹתֵי יַיִן וְיִתְרַחֵק מִמֶּנּוּ הַרְבֵּה שֶׁהֲרֵי מִכְשׁוֹל לְפָנָיו. אָמְרוּ חֲכָמִים סָבִיב לַכֶּרֶם לֹא יִקְרַב:

When a nazirite is drinking wine for the entire day, even though he is liable in G-d's eyes for every revi'it, he receives only [two sets of] lashes, one for drinking wine and one for "desecrat[ing] his word," as we explained. If he was given a warning for every revi'it, i.e., he was told: "Do not drink," "Do not drink," and he, [nevertheless,] did drink, he is liable for each [revi'it]. According to Rabbinic decree, it is forbidden for a nazirite to abide amidst a gathering of people drinking wine. [Instead,] he should separate himself far from them, because they present a hurdle for him. Our Sages said: "Do not come close [even to] the area around the vineyard."

נָזִיר שֶׁגִּלֵּחַ שְׂעָרָה אַחַת לוֹקֶה בֵּין בְּתַעַר בֵּין בְּזוּג וְהוּא שֶׁקִּצְּצָה מֵעִקָּרָהּ כְּעֵין תַּעַר. וְכֵן אִם תְּלָשָׁהּ בְּיָדוֹ לוֹקֶה. אֶחָד הַמְגַלֵּחַ וְאֶחָד הַמִּתְגַּלֵּחַ שֶׁנֶּאֱמַר (במדבר ו ה) "תַּעַר לֹא יַעֲבֹר עַל רֹאשׁוֹ". וְאִם הִנִּיחַ מִמֶּנּוּ כְּדֵי לָכֹף רֹאשָׁהּ לְעִקָּרָהּ אֵינוֹ לוֹקֶה שֶׁאֵין זֶה כְּעֵין תַּעַר:

When a nazirite cuts off one hair, whether using a razor or a scissor, he is liable for lashes, provided he cuts it from its roots as a razor would. Similarly, if he pulls out [a hair] by hand, he is liable for lashes. Both [the nazirite] whose hair is cut and the person who cuts his hair [are liable], as [indicated by Numbers 6:5]: "A razor will not pass over his head." If he left enough of [the hair] so that it could be bent over for its tip to touch its root, he does not receive lashes, because [cutting in this manner] is not [equivalent to shaving it] with a razor.

הֶעֱבִיר עַל רֹאשׁוֹ סַם שֶׁמַּשִּׁיר אֶת הַשֵּׂעָר וְהִשִּׁיר אֶת הַשֵּׂעָר אֵינוֹ לוֹקֶה אֶלָּא בִּטֵּל מִצְוַת עֲשֵׂה שֶׁנֶּאֱמַר (במדבר ו ה) "גַּדֵּל פֶּרַע שְׂעַר רֹאשׁוֹ":

If a person applied a potion that removed hair to his head and in this way, removed his hair, he is not liable for lashes. He is, however, nullifying the observance of a positive commandment, as [Numbers 6:5] states: "He shall let the mane of the hair of his head grow."

נָזִיר שֶׁגִּלֵּחַ כָּל רֹאשׁוֹ אֵינוֹ לוֹקֶה מִשּׁוּם הַתִּגְלַחַת אֶלָּא אַחַת. וְאִם הִתְרוּ בּוֹ עַל כָּל שֵׂעָר וְשֵׂעָר וְאָמְרוּ לוֹ אַל תְּגַלֵּחַ אַל תְּגַלֵּחַ וְהוּא מְגַלֵּחַ לוֹקֶה עַל כָּל אַחַת וְאַחַת:

When a nazirite shaves his entire head, he is liable for only one set of lashes for the shaving. If he was given a warning concerning each hair, i.e., he was told: "Do not shave," "Do not shave," and he shaved, he is liable for lashes for every hair.

נָזִיר חוֹפֵף עַל שְׂעָרוֹ בְּיָדוֹ וְחוֹכֵךְ בְּצִפָּרְנָיו וְאִם נָפַל שֵׂעָר אֵינוֹ חוֹשֵׁשׁ שֶׁהֲרֵי אֵין כַּוָּנָתוֹ לְהַשִּׁיר וְאֶפְשָׁר שֶׁלֹּא יַשִּׁיר. אֲבָל לֹא יִסְרֹק בְּמַסְרֵק וְלֹא יָחֹף בַּאֲדָמָה מִפְּנֵי שֶׁמַּשֶּׁרֶת אֶת הַשֵּׂעָר וַדַּאי. וְאִם עָשָׂה כֵן אֵינוֹ לוֹקֶה:

When a nazirite is scrubbing his hair with his hands and scraping [his scalp] with his nails, he need not worry [about removing hairs accidentally], because his intent is not to remove hair and it is possible that he will not remove any. He should not, however, comb his hair with a comb or scrape his head with earth, for [these activities] will certainly remove hair. If he does so, he is not liable for lashes.

נָזִיר שֶׁנִּטְמָא לְמֵת טֻמְאַת שִׁבְעָה. בֵּין בְּטֻמְאוֹת שֶׁהוּא מְגַלֵּחַ עֲלֵיהֶן כְּמוֹ שֶׁיִּתְבָּאֵר בֵּין בְּטֻמְאוֹת שֶׁאֵינוֹ מְגַלֵּחַ עֲלֵיהֶן. הֲרֵי זֶה לוֹקֶה:

When a nazirite becomes impure through contact with a human corpse in a manner that would require him to remain impure for seven days, he is liable for lashes. [This applies] with regard to ritual impurity for which he is required to shave, as will be explained, and for ritual impurity for which he is not required to shave.

נִטְמָא לְמֵת פְּעָמִים הַרְבֵּה אַף עַל פִּי שֶׁהוּא חַיָּב מַלְקוֹת עַל כָּל אַחַת וְאַחַת לַשָּׁמַיִם אֵין בֵּית דִּין מַלְקִין אוֹתוֹ אֶלָּא אַחַת. וְאִם הִתְרוּ בּוֹ עַל כָּל פַּעַם וּפַעַם וְהוּא מִטַּמֵּא לוֹקֶה [עַל] כָּל אַחַת וְאַחַת:

[When a nazirite] becomes impure through contact with a human corpse many times, even though in G-d's eyes, he is liable for lashes for each time, the court holds him liable for only one set of lashes. If he was given a warning concerning each time, and he, nevertheless, became impure, he is liable for lashes for every time he [became impure].

בַּמֶּה דְּבָרִים אֲמוּרִים בְּשֶׁנִּטְמָא וּפֵרַשׁ וְחָזַר וְנָגַע אוֹ נָשָׂא אוֹ הֶאֱהִיל. אֲבָל אִם הָיָה נוֹגֵעַ בְּמֵת וַעֲדַיִן הַמֵּת בְּיָדוֹ וְנָגַע בְּמֵת אַחֵר אֵינוֹ חַיָּב אֶלָּא אַחַת אַף עַל פִּי שֶׁהִתְרוּ בּוֹ עַל כָּל נְגִיעָה וּנְגִיעָה שֶׁהֲרֵי מְחֻלָּל וְעוֹמֵד:

When does the above apply? When he became impure and then returned and touched, carried, or stood over [the corpse]. If, however, he was touching a corpse and while the corpse was still in his hand, he touched another corpse, he is liable only once even though he was warned for each time he touched it, for his [state of purity] has already been desecrated.

נָזִיר שֶׁנִּכְנַס לְבַיִת וְשָׁהָה שָׁם עַד שֶׁמֵּת שָׁם הַמֵּת. אוֹ שֶׁנִּכְנַס לְאֹהֶל הַמֵּת בְּשִׁדָּה תֵּבָה וּמִגְדָּל וּבָא חֲבֵרוֹ וּפָרַע גַּג הַתֵּבָה מֵעָלָיו מִדַּעְתּוֹ. הֲרֵי זֶה לוֹקֶה שְׁתַּיִם אַחַת מִשּׁוּם (במדבר ו ו) "לֹא יָבֹא" וְאַחַת מִשּׁוּם (במדבר ו ז) "לֹא יִטַּמָּא". שֶׁהֲרֵי טֻמְאָה וּבִיאָה בָּאִין כְּאַחַת. אֲבָל אִם נִכְנַס כְּדַרְכּוֹ טֻמְאָתוֹ קוֹדֶמֶת לְבִיאָתוֹ שֶׁמֵּעֵת שֶׁיַּכְנִיס חָטְמוֹ אוֹ אֶצְבְּעוֹת רַגְלָיו נִטְמָא וְאֵינוֹ חַיָּב מִשּׁוּם בִּיאָה עַד שֶׁיָּבוֹא כֻּלּוֹ:

When a nazirite enters a home and remains there until a person dies or he enters a shelter in which a corpse is located while he is in a closed container, chest, or closet and a colleague came and opened the top of the chest with his consent, he is liable for two sets of lashes: one, due to [the violation of] the prohibition [Numbers 6:6]: "He shall not approach a human corpse" and one, due to [the violation of] the prohibition [ibid.:7]: "He shall not become impure," for his impurity and his entry come about at the same time. If, however, he enters [such a shelter] in an ordinary manner, his becoming ritually impure precedes his entry. For from the time that his nose or his toes enter, he becomes ritually impure and he does not become liable for entering [the shelter] until his entire [body] enters.

נִכְנַס לְאֹהֶל הַמֵּת אוֹ לְבֵית הַקְּבָרוֹת בִּשְׁגָגָה. וְאַחַר שֶׁנּוֹדַע לוֹ הִתְרוּ בּוֹ וְלֹא קָפַץ וְיָצָא אֶלָּא עָמַד שָׁם הֲרֵי זֶה לוֹקֶה. וְהוּא שֶׁיִּשְׁהֶא שָׁם כְּדֵי הִשְׁתַּחֲוָיָה כְּמוֹ טָמֵא שֶׁנִּכְנַס לַמִּקְדָּשׁ:

When [a nazirite] enters a shelter where a corpse is located or a cemetery unintentionally and after he discovers this fact, he received a warning, but did not jump up and leave, but instead remained there, he is liable for lashes.[This applies] provided he remains there for the time it takes to prostrate oneself like a ritually impure person who enters the Temple.

הַמְטַמֵּא אֶת הַנָּזִיר. אִם הָיָה הַנָּזִיר מֵזִיד הַנָּזִיר לוֹקֶה וְזֶה שֶׁטִּמְּאוֹ עוֹבֵר מִשּׁוּם (ויקרא יט יד) "וְלִפְנֵי עִוֵּר לֹא תִתֵּן מִכְשׁל". וְאִם הָיָה הַנָּזִיר שׁוֹגֵג וְזֶה שֶׁטִּמְּאוֹ מֵזִיד אֵין אֶחָד מֵהֶם לוֹקֶה. וְלָמָּה לֹא יִלְקֶה הַמְטַמֵּא אֶת הַנָּזִיר. לְפִי שֶׁנֶּאֱמַר (במדבר ו ט) "וְטִמֵּא אֶת רֹאשׁ נִזְרוֹ" אֵינוֹ לוֹקֶה עַד שֶׁיְּטַמֵּא עַצְמוֹ מִדַּעְתּוֹ:

[The following rules apply when one] causes a nazirite to contract ritual impurity. If the nazirite acted intentionally, the nazirite is liable for lashes and the person who caused him to contract impurity violates the prohibition against placing a stumbling block in front of the blind. If the nazirite was not aware of the transgression and the person who caused him to contract impurity acted intentionally, neither of them are liable for lashes. Why is the person who caused the nazirite to contract impurity not liable for lashes? Since [Numbers 6:9] states: "He defiles his Nazirite head," a person is only liable if he willfully causes his own self to incur impurity.

נָזִיר טָהוֹר שֶׁטִּמֵּא עַצְמוֹ לוֹקֶה אַף מִשּׁוּם (דברים כג כב) "לֹא תְאַחֵר לְשַׁלְּמוֹ". שֶׁהֲרֵי אִחֵר נְזִירוּת טָהֳרָה וְעָשָׂה מַעֲשֶׂה. וְכֵן אִם נָדַר בְּבֵית הַקְּבָרוֹת לוֹקֶה אַף מִשּׁוּם לֹא תְאַחֵר. הָא לָמַדְתָּ שֶׁהַנָּזִיר שֶׁטִּמֵּא עַצְמוֹ לוֹקֶה אַרְבַּע מַלְקִיּוֹת מִשּׁוּם (במדבר ו ז) "לֹא יִטַּמָּא" וּמִשּׁוּם (במדבר ל ג) "לֹא יַחֵל דְּבָרוֹ" וּמִשּׁוּם לֹא תְאַחֵר לְשַׁלְּמוֹ וּמִשּׁוּם (במדבר ו ו) "לֹא יָבֹא" אִם הָיְתָה בִּיאָה וְטֻמְאָה כְּאַחַת כְּמוֹ שֶׁבֵּאַרְנוּ:

When a nazirite who is in a state of ritual purity makes himself ritually impure, he is also liable for lashes for [the violation of the prohibition, Deuteronomy 23:22]: "Do not delay in paying it." For he delayed the fulfillment of his nazirite vow in purity and performed a deed. Similarly, if he took a nazirite vow while in a cemetery, he is also liable for lashes for [the violation of the prohibition]: "Do not delay in paying it." From this we learn, that a nazirite who made himself impure receives four sets of lashes: a) because of the prohibition: "He shall not become impure," b) because of the prohibition: "He shall not desecrate his word," c) because of the prohibition: "Do not delay in paying it," and because of the prohibition: "He shall not approach..." if he entered and incurred ritual impurity at the same time, as we explained.