Oaths Chapter 6

מִי שֶׁנִּשְׁבַּע שְׁבוּעַת בִּטּוּי וְנִחַם עַל שְׁבוּעָתוֹ וְרָאָה שֶׁהוּא מִצְטַעֵר אִם יְקַיֵּם שְׁבוּעָה זוֹ וְנֶהְפְּכָה דַּעְתּוֹ לְדַעַת אַחֶרֶת. אוֹ שֶׁנּוֹלַד לוֹ דָּבָר שֶׁלֹּא הָיָה בְּדַעְתּוֹ בִּשְׁעַת הַשְּׁבוּעָה וְנִחַם בִּגְלָלוֹ. הֲרֵי זֶה נִשְׁאַל לְחָכָם אֶחָד אוֹ לִשְׁלֹשָׁה הֶדְיוֹטוֹת בְּמָקוֹם שֶׁאֵין שָׁם חָכָם וּמַתִּירִין לוֹ שְׁבוּעָתוֹ. וְיִהְיֶה מֻתָּר לַעֲשׂוֹת דָּבָר שֶׁנִּשְׁבַּע שֶׁלֹּא לַעֲשׂוֹתוֹ. אוֹ שֶׁלֹּא לַעֲשׂוֹת דָּבָר שֶׁנִּשְׁבַּע לַעֲשׂוֹתוֹ. וְזֶהוּ הַנִּקְרָא הֶתֵּר שְׁבוּעוֹת:

[The following rules apply when] a person took a sh'vuat bitui and [then] regretted having taken the oath. If he sees that he will suffer if he upholds this oath and his intent changes or a factor occurred that was not in his intent originally when he took the oath and he changed his mind because of this, he may appeal [to be released from his oath] from one sage - or from three ordinary people in a place where there are no sages. His oath is repealed and he is permitted to perform the matter that he took the oath not to do or not to do the matter that he took an oath to do. This is called the release of an oath.

וְדָבָר זֶה אֵין לוֹ עִקָּר כְּלָל בַּתּוֹרָה שֶׁבִּכְתָב. אֶלָּא כָּךְ לָמְדוּ מִמּשֶׁה רַבֵּנוּ מִפִּי הַקַּבָּלָה שֶׁזֶּה הַכָּתוּב (במדבר ל ג) "לֹא יַחֵל דְּבָרוֹ" שֶׁלֹּא יְחַלֵּל הוּא בְּעַצְמוֹ דֶּרֶךְ קַלּוּת רֹאשׁ בִּשְׁאָט נֶפֶשׁ כָּעִנְיָן שֶׁנֶּאֱמַר (ויקרא יט יב) "וְחִלַּלְתָּ אֶת שֵׁם אֱלֹהֶיךָ". אֲבָל אִם נִחַם וְחָזַר בּוֹ חָכָם מַתִּיר לוֹ:

This provision has no source in the Written Law. Instead, we learned from Moses our teacher through the Oral Tradition that the phrase [Numbers 30:3]: "He should not desecrate his word" means that he himself should not abuse it in a frivolous and brazen manner, as [Leviticus 19:13] states: "[For] you will desecrate the name of Your G-d." Nevertheless, if a person changed his mind and retracted, a sage may release him [from the oath].

וְאֵין אָדָם יָכוֹל לְהַתִּיר שְׁבוּעַת עַצְמוֹ. וְאֵין אָדָם רַשַּׁאי לְהַתִּיר שְׁבוּעָה אוֹ נֵדֶר בְּמָקוֹם שֶׁיֵּשׁ גָּדוֹל מִמֶּנּוּ בְּחָכְמָה. וּבְמָקוֹם שֶׁיֵּשׁ בּוֹ רַבּוֹ אָסוּר לוֹ לְהַתִּיר אֶלָּא מִדַּעַת רַבּוֹ:

It is not possible for a person to release himself from his own oath. A person does not have the license to release an oath or a vow in a place where there is a person whose knowledge surpasses his own. In a place where his teacher is found, he may only release a vow with the consent of his teacher.

זֶה שֶׁנִּשְׁבַּע הוּא שֶׁיָּבוֹא לִפְנֵי הֶחָכָם לְהַתִּיר לוֹ בֵּין אִישׁ בֵּין אִשָּׁה. וְאֵינוֹ עוֹשֶׂה שָׁלִיחַ לְהִשָּׁאֵל לוֹ עַל נִדְרוֹ. וְהַבַּעַל נַעֲשֶׂה שָׁלִיחַ לַחֲרָטַת אִשְׁתּוֹ וּמַתִּירִין לָהּ וּבִלְבַד שֶׁיִּהְיוּ הַשְּׁלֹשָׁה מְקֻבָּצִים אֲבָל לֹא יְקַבֵּץ אוֹתָן לְהַתִּיר לָהּ לְכַתְּחִלָּה. וְאֵינוֹ נַעֲשֶׂה שָׁלִיחַ לְהַתִּיר נֵדֶר לְאִשְׁתּוֹ:

The person who took the oath - whether male or female - must himself come before the sage to be released. He may not appoint an agent to seek that he be released from his vow. A husband may, however, become an agent to express his wife's regret and we release [the oath] for her. [This applies] provided the three judges had already gathered together. He should not, however, gather them together at the outset to release her [oath]. Nor may he serve as an agent to have his wife's vow released.

כֵּיצַד מַתִּירִין. יָבוֹא הַנִּשְׁבָּע לְחָכָם הַמֻּבְהָק אוֹ לִשְׁלֹשָׁה הֶדְיוֹטוֹת אִם אֵין שָׁם מֻמְחֶה. וְאוֹמֵר אֲנִי נִשְׁבַּעְתִּי עַל כָּךְ וְכָךְ וְנִחַמְתִּי. וְאִלּוּ הָיִיתִי יוֹדֵעַ שֶׁאֲנִי מִצְטַעֵר בְּדָבָר זֶה עַד כֹּה אוֹ שֶׁאֵרַע לִי כָּךְ וְכָךְ לֹא הָיִיתִי נִשְׁבַּע וְאִלּוּ הָיְתָה דַּעְתִּי בְּעֵת הַשְּׁבוּעָה כְּמוֹ עַתָּה לֹא הָיִיתִי נִשְׁבַּע. וְהֶחָכָם אוֹ גְּדוֹל הַשְּׁלֹשָׁה אוֹמֵר לוֹ וּכְבָר נִחַמְתָּ. וְהוּא אוֹמֵר לוֹ הֵן. חוֹזֵר וְאוֹמֵר לוֹ שָׁרוּי לְךָ אוֹ מֻתָּר לְךָ אוֹ מָחוּל לְךָ וְכָל כַּיּוֹצֵא בְּעִנְיָן זֶה בְּכָל לָשׁוֹן. אֲבָל אִם אָמַר לוֹ מוּפָר לְךָ אוֹ נֶעֶקְרָה שְׁבוּעָתְךָ וְכָל כַּיּוֹצֵא בְּעִנְיָן זֶה לֹא אָמַר כְּלוּם. שֶׁאֵין מֵפֵר אֶלָּא הַבַּעַל אוֹ הָאָב אֲבָל הֶחָכָם אֵינוֹ אוֹמֵר אֶלָּא לְשׁוֹן הַתָּרָה וּמְחִילָה:

How do we release [an oath]? The person who took the oath must come before the distinguished sage or three ordinary people if there is no expert. He says: "I took an oath concerning this and this and I have changed my mind. If I knew that I would feel such discomfort concerning this, I would not have taken the oath. If, at the time of the oath, my understanding was as it is now, I would not have taken the oath." The wise man or the foremost among the three asks: "Have you already changed your mind?" He answers: "Yes." He then tells him: "It is permitted for you," "It is released for you," "It is absolved for you," or the like with this intent in any language. If, however, he says: "[The oath] is nullified for you," "Your oath is uprooted," or anything with that intent, his statements are of no consequence, because only a husband or a father can nullify an oath. A sage, by contrast, may use only an expression conveying release or absolution.

הַקְּרוֹבִים כְּשֵׁרִים לְהַתִּיר נְדָרִים וּשְׁבוּעוֹת. וּמַתִּירִין בַּלַּיְלָה וּמְעֻמָּד. שֶׁאֵין הַהֶתֵּר הַזֶּה דִּין. לְפִיכָךְ נִשְׁאָלִין לִשְׁבוּעוֹת וְלִנְדָרִים בְּשַׁבָּת אִם הָיוּ לְצֹרֶךְ הַשַּׁבָּת. כְּגוֹן שֶׁיַּתִּירוּ לוֹ שְׁבוּעָתוֹ כְּדֵי שֶׁיֹּאכַל וְיִשְׁתֶּה הַיּוֹם. וַאֲפִלּוּ הָיָה לוֹ פְּנַאי לְהַתִּיר שְׁבוּעָתוֹ אוֹ נִדְרוֹ מֵעֶרֶב שַׁבָּת הֲרֵי זֶה מַתִּיר בְּשַׁבָּת הוֹאִיל וְהוּא לְצֹרֶךְ הַשַּׁבָּת:

Relatives are acceptable to release vows and oaths. [Oaths and vows] can be released at night and while standing, for this release is not a judgment. For this reason, one may request a release of an oath or a vow on the Sabbath if it is necessary for the Sabbath, for example, to release his oath so that he can eat and drink today. Even if the person had the opportunity to have his oath or vow released before the Sabbath [and did not], he may have it released on the Sabbath, because it is necessary for the Sabbath.

רְאוּבֵן שֶׁהִשְׁבִּיעַ לְשִׁמְעוֹן וְעָנָה אָמֵן. אוֹ קִבֵּל הַשְּׁבוּעָה וְנִחַם שִׁמְעוֹן עַל שְׁבוּעָתוֹ וְנִשְׁאַל עָלֶיהָ. אֵין מַתִּירִין לוֹ אֶלָּא בִּפְנֵי רְאוּבֵן שֶׁהִשְׁבִּיעוֹ. וְכֵן אִם נִשְׁבַּע רְאוּבֵן אוֹ נָדַר שֶׁלֹּא יֵהָנֶה מִשִּׁמְעוֹן אוֹ שֶׁלֹּא יֵהָנֶה בּוֹ שִׁמְעוֹן וְנִחַם וְנִשְׁאַל לְחָכָם אֵין מַתִּירִין לוֹ אֶלָּא בִּפְנֵי שִׁמְעוֹן שֶׁנָּדַר מִמֶּנּוּ הֲנָיָה. וַאֲפִלּוּ הָיָה שִׁמְעוֹן קָטָן אוֹ עַכּוּ"ם אֵין מַתִּירִין לוֹ אֶלָּא בְּפָנָיו כְּדֵי שֶׁיֵּדַע הַנִּדָּר שֶׁהִתִּיר זֶה נִדְרוֹ אוֹ שְׁבוּעָתוֹ וּלְפִיכָךְ יֵהָנֶה מִמֶּנּוּ אוֹ יַהֲנֶה לוֹ:

When Reuven administered an oath to Shimon and [Shimon] answered Amen or accepted the oath, if Shimon [later] regrets the oath and asks for it to be released, it should not be released except in the presence of Reuven who administered it to him. Similarly, if Reuven took an oath or a vow not to benefit from Shimon or that Shimon may not benefit from him and changed his mind and appealed to a sage [for the oath or vow to be released], we do not release him from it except in the presence of Shimon from whom he had vowed not to benefit. Even if Shimon was a minor or a gentile, [the oath or vow] is released only in his presence so that the person concerning whom the vow was taken will know that the person had his vow or oath released and thus he will benefit from him.

אֶחָד הַנִּשְׁבָּע בֵּינוֹ לְבֵין עַצְמוֹ וְאֶחָד הַנִּשְׁבָּע בָּרַבִּים. וַאֲפִלּוּ נִשְׁבַּע בַּשֵּׁם הַמְיֻחָד בַּה' אֱלֹהֵי יִשְׂרָאֵל וְנִחַם הֲרֵי זֶה נִשְׁאָל עַל שְׁבוּעָתוֹ וּמַתִּירִין לוֹ. נִשְׁבַּע עַל דַּעַת רַבִּים אוֹ שֶׁנָּדַר עַל דַּעַת רַבִּים אֵין מַתִּירִין לוֹ לְעוֹלָם אֶלָּא לִדְבַר מִצְוָה:

Both a person who took an oath in private and one who took one in public - even one who took an oath in G-d's ineffable name, [swearing] by G-d, the Lord of Israel - may appeal for a release of his oath if he changes his mind. If, however, one took an oath or a vow based on the understanding of many others, it may not be released except for a purpose associated with a mitzvah.

כֵּיצַד. נִשְׁבַּע וְתָלָה שְׁבוּעָתוֹ בְּדַעַת רַבִּים שֶׁלֹּא יֵהָנֶה בִּפְלוֹנִי לְעוֹלָם וְהֻצְרְכוּ בְּנֵי אוֹתָהּ הָעִיר לִלְמֹד תּוֹרָה אוֹ לְמִי שֶׁיָּמוּל אֶת בְּנֵיהֶם אוֹ שֶׁיִּזְבַּח לָהֶם וְלֹא נִמְצָא אֶלָּא זֶה בִּלְבַד הֲרֵי זֶה נִשְׁאַל לְחָכָם אוֹ לִשְׁלֹשָׁה הֶדְיוֹטוֹת וּמַתִּירִין לוֹ שְׁבוּעָתוֹ וְעוֹשֶׂה לָהֶם מִצְוֹת אֵלּוּ וְנוֹטֵל שְׂכָרוֹ מֵאוֹתָן הָאֲנָשִׁים שֶׁנִּשְׁבַּע שֶׁלֹּא יֵהָנֶה מֵהֶם:

What is implied? One took an oath and made his oath dependent on the understanding of others that he would not benefit from so-and-so at all and the people of that city needed someone to teach them the Torah, to circumcise their sons, or to perform ritual slaughter on their behalf and they only found this person, he may ask a sage or three ordinary persons [to release him from his oath]. We release his oath. He may perform these mitzvot on their behalf and he may receive his wage from the people concerning whom he had taken an oath that he would not benefit from them.

מִי שֶׁנִּשְׁבַּע וְלֹא נִחַם עַל שְׁבוּעָתוֹ וּבָא לְבֵית דִּין לְקַיֵּם שְׁבוּעָתוֹ. אִם רָאוּ הַדַּיָּנִין שֶׁהֶתֵּר שְׁבוּעָה זוֹ גּוֹרֵם לְמִצְוָה וּלְשָׁלוֹם בֵּין אִישׁ לְאִשְׁתּוֹ בֵּין אָדָם לַחֲבֵרוֹ וְשֶׁקִּיּוּם שְׁבוּעָה זוֹ גּוֹרֵם לַעֲבֵרָה וְלִקְטָטָה פּוֹתְחִין לוֹ פֶּתַח וְנוֹשְׂאִין וְנוֹתְנִין עִמּוֹ בַּדָּבָר וּמוֹדִיעִין לוֹ דְּבָרִים שֶׁגּוֹרֶמֶת שְׁבוּעָתוֹ עַד שֶׁיִּתְנַחֵם. אִם נִחַם בְּדִבְרֵיהֶם מַתִּירִין לוֹ וְאִם לֹא נִחַם וְעָמַד בְּמִרְיוֹ הֲרֵי זֶה יְקַיֵּם שְׁבוּעָתוֹ:

[The following laws apply when] a person took an oath, did not regret it, and came to the court to carry out his oath. If the judges saw that releasing this oath will lead to a mitzvah and to peace between a husband and his wife or between a man and his associates and carrying it out will lead to transgression and strife, they encourage him [to take] the option [of having the oath released]. They discuss the matter with him, pointing out the consequences of his oath until he regrets [having taken it]. If he changes his mind because of their words, we release his oath. If he does not change his mind and persists in his stubbornness, he must carry out his oath.

כֵּיצַד. נִשְׁבַּע שֶׁיְּגָרֵשׁ אֶת אִשְׁתּוֹ אוֹ שֶׁלֹּא יֵהָנֶה יִשְׂרָאֵל מִנְּכָסָיו אוֹ שֶׁלֹּא יֹאכַל בָּשָׂר וְשֶׁלֹּא יִשְׁתֶּה יַיִן שְׁלֹשִׁים יוֹם וְכַיּוֹצֵא בָּזֶה אוֹמְרִים לוֹ בְּנִי אִם תְּגָרֵשׁ אֶת אִשְׁתְּךָ אַתָּה מוֹצִיא לַעַז עַל בָּנֶיךָ וְאוֹמְרִים הָעָם מִפְּנֵי מָה נִתְגָּרְשָׁה אִמָּן שֶׁל אֵלּוּ וּלְמָחָר קוֹרְאִים לָהֶם בְּנֵי גְּרוּשָׁה וְשֶׁמָּא תִּנָּשֵׂא לְאַחֵר וְאִי אַתָּה יָכוֹל לְהַחְזִירָהּ וְכַיּוֹצֵא בִּדְבָרִים אֵלּוּ. וְכֵן זֶה שֶׁנִּשְׁבַּעְתָּ שֶׁלֹּא יֵהָנֶה יִשְׂרָאֵל מִנְּכָסֶיךָ לְמָחָר יִצְטָרֵךְ זֶה וְתִהְיֶה עוֹבֵר עַל (ויקרא כה לו) "וְחֵי אָחִיךָ עִמָּךְ" (ויקרא כה לה) "וְהֶחֱזַקְתָּ בּוֹ" אוֹ (דברים טו ח) (דברים טו יא) "פָּתֹחַ תִּפְתַּח" וְכַיּוֹצֵא בָּהֶן. וְזֶה שֶׁנִּשְׁבַּעְתָּ שֶׁלֹּא תֹּאכַל בָּשָׂר וְשֶׁלֹּא תִּשְׁתֶּה יַיִן שְׁלֹשִׁים יוֹם הֲרֵי אַתָּה פּוֹגֵעַ בָּרֶגֶל וּמְבַטֵּל שִׂמְחַת יוֹם טוֹב וְעֹנֶג שַׁבָּת. אִם אָמַר אִלּוּ הָיִיתִי יוֹדֵעַ זֶה לֹא הָיִיתִי נִשְׁבַּע מַתִּירִין לוֹ וְאִם אָמַר אַף עַל פִּי כֵן לֹא נִחַמְתִּי וְרוֹצֶה אֲנִי בְּכָל זֶה אֵין מַתִּירִין לוֹ:

What is implied? A person took an oath that he would divorce his wife, that Jews would not benefit from his property, that he would not eat meat or drink wine for thirty days or the like, they tell him: "My son, if you divorce your wife, you will cause malicious gossip to circulate concerning her children [for people] will say: 'Why was their mother divorced?' In the future, they will be called: 'the children of the divorcee.' [Moreover,] perhaps she will marry someone else and you will never be able to remarry her" and the like. [And they say:] "The oath you took that Jews should not benefit from your property [is not to your advantage]. Tomorrow, someone may be in need and [by maintaining your oath,] you will violate [the commandments]: "And your brother will live with you and you shall support him" [Leviticus 25:35-36] and "You shall surely open [your hand to him" [Deuteronomy 15:8]. [And they say:] "The oath you took not to eat meat or drink wine for thirty days [is not to your advantage]. [Within that time,] you will encounter a festival and nullify the happiness of the festivals and the pleasure of the Sabbath." If he says: "Were I to have known this, I would not have taken the oath," we release him [from the oath]. If he says: "Nevertheless, I have not changed my mind and I desire all of this," we do not release him [from the oath].

אֵין פּוֹתְחִין בְּנוֹלָד. כֵּיצַד. נִשְׁבַּע שֶׁלֹּא יֵהָנֶה בִּפְלוֹנִי וְנַעֲשָׂה סוֹפֵר הָעִיר. הוֹאִיל וְלֹא נִחַם עַל שְׁבוּעָתוֹ אֵין פּוֹתְחִין לוֹ בְּדָבָר זֶה. וַאֲפִלּוּ אָמַר הוּא מֵעַצְמוֹ אִלּוּ הָיִיתִי יוֹדֵעַ לֹא הָיִיתִי נִשְׁבַּע אֵין מַתִּירִין לוֹ הוֹאִיל וַעֲדַיִן לֹא נִחַם אֶלָּא רְצוֹנוֹ שֶׁלֹּא יֵהָנֶה לוֹ וְשֶׁלֹּא יֵעָשֶׂה זֶה סוֹפֵר. אֲבָל אִם נִחַם הוּא מֵעַצְמוֹ מִפְּנֵי הַנּוֹלָד וְנֶהֶפְכָה דַּעְתּוֹ מַתִּירִין לוֹ. וְכֵן כָּל כַּיּוֹצֵא בָּזֶה:

We do not encourage one [to take] the option [of having the oath released] because of something that had not occurred [at the time the oath was taken]. What is implied? One took an oath not to derive benefit from so-and-so and that person became the city scribe. Since the person did not regret taking the oath, we do not encourage him [to take] the option [of having the oath released]. Even if he himself said: "If I knew that [he would be given this position], I would not have taken this oath," we still do not release him from it. For he does not regret [having taken the oath]. Instead, his desire is that he should not derive benefit from him, but that person not to be appointed the scribe. If, however, on his own initiative, he regretted because of what took place and his intent changed, we do release the oath. Similar laws apply in all analogous situations.

מִי שֶׁנִּשְׁבַּע עַל דָּבָר וְנִשְׁבַּע שֶׁלֹּא יַתִּיר שְׁבוּעָה זוֹ וְנִחַם. הֲרֵי זֶה נִשְׁאַל עַל הַשְּׁבוּעָה הָאַחֲרוֹנָה תְּחִלָּה שֶׁנִּשְׁבַּע שֶׁלֹּא יַתִּיר וְאַחַר כָּךְ יִשְׁאַל עַל הָרִאשׁוֹנָה:

When a person takes an oath concerning a matter and then takes a [second] oath that he will never ask to have the [first] oath repealed, [if] he changes his mind, he must first ask that the second oath - that he would never ask to have the oath repealed - be repealed. Afterwards, he may ask that the first [oath] be repealed.

נִשְׁבַּע שֶׁלֹּא יְדַבֵּר עִם פְּלוֹנִי וְנִשְׁבַּע אַחַר כָּךְ שֶׁאִם יִשְׁאַל עַל שְׁבוּעָה זוֹ וְיַתִּירָהּ יִהְיֶה אָסוּר לִשְׁתּוֹת יַיִן לְעוֹלָם וְנִחַם. הֲרֵי זֶה נִשְׁאָל עַל הַשְּׁבוּעָה הָרִאשׁוֹנָה וּמַתִּירָהּ. וְאַחַר כָּךְ יִשְׁאַל עַל הַשְּׁנִיָּה. שֶׁאֵין מַתִּירִין נֵדֶר אוֹ שְׁבוּעָה שֶׁעֲדַיִן לֹא חָלוּ. לְפִיכָךְ אִם הָיָה עוֹמֵד בְּנִיסָן וְנִשְׁבַּע שֶׁלֹּא יֹאכַל בָּשָׂר שְׁלֹשִׁים יוֹם מֵרֹאשׁ חֹדֶשׁ אִיָּר וְנִחַם אֵינוֹ נִשְׁאָל עַד שֶׁיִּכָּנֵס אִיָּר:

[The following laws apply if] one took an oath that he would not speak to so-and-so and afterwards, took an oath that if he asks for the repeal of this oath and has it released, he will be forbidden to drink wine forever. If he changes his mind, he must first ask for the repeal of the first oath and have it released. Afterwards, he may ask for the repeal of the second oath. For we may not have a vow or an oath repealed before it takes effect. Accordingly, if during Nisan, a person took an oath that he will not eat meat for thirty days beginning at Rosh Chodesh Iyar, [should] he change his mind, he may not have the oath repealed until [the month of] Iyar begins.

נִשְׁבַּע שֶׁלֹּא יֵהָנֶה לִפְלוֹנִי וְשֶׁלֹּא יֵהָנֶה לְחָכָם שֶׁיִּשְׁאַל לוֹ עַל שְׁבוּעָה זוֹ. נִשְׁאַל עַל הָרִאשׁוֹנָה וְאַחַר כָּךְ יִשְׁאַל עַל הַשְּׁנִיָּה:

If a person takes an oath that he will not benefit from so-and-so and that he will not benefit from the sage who releases him from this oath, first he must ask for the repeal of the first [oath] and then for that of the second.

נִשְׁבַּע שֶׁלֹּא יֵהָנֶה לִפְלוֹנִי וַהֲרֵי הוּא נָזִיר אִם יִשְׁאַל עַל שְׁבוּעָה זוֹ. יִשְׁאַל עַל שְׁבוּעָתוֹ תְּחִלָּה וְאַחַר כָּךְ עַל נְזִירוּתוֹ. וְכֵן כָּל כַּיּוֹצֵא בָּזֶה:

If a person takes an oath that he will not benefit from so-and-so and that he will become a nazirite if he asks for the repeal of this oath, first he must ask for the repeal of his oath and then for that of his nazirite vow. Similar laws apply in all analogous situations.

שְׁבוּעָה שֶׁלֹּא אֹכַל הַיּוֹם שְׁבוּעָה שֶׁלֹּא אֹכַל הַיּוֹם שְׁבוּעָה שֶׁלֹּא אֹכַל הַיּוֹם. אוֹ שֶׁאָמַר עַל כִּכָּר זוֹ שְׁבוּעָה שֶׁלֹּא אֹכָלֶנָּה שְׁבוּעָה שֶׁלֹּא אֹכָלֶנָּה שְׁבוּעָה שֶׁלֹּא אֹכָלֶנָּה. וְנִשְׁאַל עַל שְׁבוּעָה רִאשׁוֹנָה וְהֻתְּרָה הֲרֵי זֶה חַיָּב מִשּׁוּם שְׁבוּעָה שְׁנִיָּה. וְכֵן אִם נִשְׁאַל עַל הַשְּׁנִיָּה חַיָּב מִשּׁוּם שְׁלִישִׁית. נִשְׁאַל עַל הַשְּׁלִישִׁית בִּלְבַד חַיָּב מִשּׁוּם רִאשׁוֹנָה וּשְׁנִיָּה. נִשְׁאַל עַל הַשְּׁנִיָּה חַיָּב מִשּׁוּם רִאשׁוֹנָה [וּשְׁלִישִׁית]. אִם כֵּן מִפְּנֵי מָה אָמְרוּ אֵין שְׁבוּעָה חָלָה עַל שְׁבוּעָה. שֶׁאִם לֹא נִשְׁאַל וַאֲכָלָהּ אֵינוֹ חַיָּב אֶלָּא אַחַת כְּמוֹ שֶׁבֵּאַרְנוּ:

[The following rules apply when a person says:] "I am taking [an oath that I will not eat today, [I am taking] an oath that I will not eat today, [I am taking] an oath that I will not eat today," or "With regard to this loaf, [I am taking] an oath that I will not eat it, [I am taking] an oath that I will not eat it, [I am taking] an oath that I will not eat it." If he asks for the repeal of the first oath and it is released, he is, nevertheless, liable for the second oath. Similarly, if he asks for the repeal of the second oath, he is liable for the third oath. If he asks for the repeal of only the third oath, he is liable for the first and second. [Similarly,] if he asks for the repeal of the second oath, he is liable for the first. If so, what is the meaning of the statement: "An oath cannot take effect [when the matter it concerns is already forbidden] by an oath"? That if the person did not repeal [any of] the oaths and ate [the forbidden article], he would be liable only once, as we explained.

מִי שֶׁנִּשְׁבַּע שְׁבוּעַת בִּטּוּי לְהַבָּא וְשִׁקֵּר בִּשְׁבוּעָתוֹ. כְּגוֹן שֶׁנִּשְׁבַּע שֶׁלֹּא יֹאכַל פַּת זוֹ וַאֲכָלָהּ וְאַחַר שֶׁאֲכָלָהּ קֹדֶם שֶׁיָּבִיא קָרְבָּנוֹ אִם הָיָה שׁוֹגֵג אוֹ קֹדֶם שֶׁיִּלְקֶה אִם הָיָה מֵזִיד נִחַם וְנִשְׁאַל לְחָכָם וְהִתִּירָהּ לוֹ. הֲרֵי זֶה פָּטוּר מִן הַקָּרְבָּן אוֹ מִן הַמַּלְקוֹת. וְלֹא עוֹד אֶלָּא אֲפִלּוּ כְּפָתוּהוּ לִלְקוֹת וְנִשְׁאַל וְהִתִּירוּ לוֹ קֹדֶם שֶׁיַּתְחִילוּ לְהַלְקוֹתוֹ הֲרֵי זֶה פָּטוּר:

When a person takes a sh'vuat bitui regarding the future and violated his oath, e.g., he took an oath that he would not eat a loaf of bread and ate it, if he changes his mind, he may ask a sage to repeal it after eating it before bringing his sacrifice if he [ate it] inadvertently or before he was lashed if he did so willingly. [If the sage] releases the oath, he is exempt from the sacrifice or from the lashes. Moreover, even if they bound him [in preparation for lashes], he asked for the repeal of the oath and it was released before they began to administer lashes, he is exempt.